最近更新于 2024-05-05 14:18
环境
Windows SDK 10.0（Windows 11）
平台工具集：Visual Studio 2022 v143
C 语言标准：C17
字符集：Unicode
控件库
STATIC 静态文本 – 标签
我一般喜欢把它称为标签
#include <Windows.h>
#define ID_STATIC 100 // 标签 ID
LRESULT CALLBACK wndProc(HWND wnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp)
{
switch (msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
HWND stc = CreateWindowEx(0, L"STATIC", L"这是一个标签", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 200, 150, 100, 20, wnd, (HMENU)ID_STATIC, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(wnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), NULL);
if (!stc)
{
exit(13);
}
break;
}
case WM_CLOSE:
{
DestroyWindow(wnd);
break;
}
case WM_DESTROY:
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
default:
{
return DefWindowProc(wnd, msg, wp, lp);
}
}
return 0;
}
int WINAPI wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPreInstance, _In_ LPWSTR lpCmdLine, _In_ int nCmdShow)
{
PCWSTR className = L"desktopAPP";
WNDCLASSEX wc = {0};
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.lpszClassName = className;
wc.lpfnWndProc = wndProc;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wc))
{
return 11;
}
HWND wnd = CreateWindowEx(0, className, L"标签使用", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, 600, 400, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if (!wnd)
{
return 12;
}
ShowWindow(wnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(wnd);
MSG msg = {0};
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return (int)msg.wParam;
}
EDIT 编辑框
这个例子创建了一个编辑框，编辑框中显示一段文字，编辑框的大小跟随窗口大小改变
#include <Windows.h>
#define ID_EDIT 100 // 自定义编辑框 ID
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
static HWND edit;
PCWSTR lpszLatin = L"中国，以华夏文明为源泉、中华文化为基础，是世界上历史最悠久的国家之一。"
L"中国各族人民共同创造了光辉灿烂的文化，具有光荣的革命传统。 "
L"中国是以汉族为主体民族的多民族国家，通用汉语、汉字，汉族与少数民族统称为“中华民族”，又自称“炎黄子孙”、“龙的传人”"
L"中国是世界四大文明古国之一。"
L"距今5800年前后，黄河、长江中下游以及西辽河等区域出现了文明起源迹象；"
L"距今5300年前后，中华大地各地区陆续进入了文明阶段；"
L"距今3800年前后，中原地区形成了更为成熟的文明形态，并向四方辐射文化影响力；"
L"后历经多次民族交融和朝代更迭，直至形成多民族国家的大一统局面"
L"中国疆域辽阔、民族众多，先秦时期的华夏族在中原地区繁衍生息，到了汉代通过文化交融使汉族正式成型，奠定了中国主体民族的基础。"
L"中国文化渊远流长、博大精深、绚烂多彩，是东亚文化圈的文化宗主国，在世界文化体系内占有重要地位，由于各地的地理位置、自然条件的差异，人文、经济方面也各有特点。" ;
switch (msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
edit = CreateWindowEx(0, L"EDIT", // 编辑框
NULL,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_VSCROLL | ES_LEFT | ES_MULTILINE | ES_WANTRETURN, // 子窗口；可见；滚动条；左侧对其；多行显示；接收回车键
0, 0, 0, 0,
hWnd,
(HMENU)ID_EDIT, // 编辑框 ID
(HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), // 获取当前实例句柄
NULL);
SendMessage(edit,
WM_SETTEXT,
0,
(LPARAM)lpszLatin);
break;
}
case WM_SIZE: // 编辑框大小跟随主窗口大小变化
{
MoveWindow(edit,
0, 0,
LOWORD(lParam),
HIWORD(lParam),
TRUE);
break;
}
case WM_CLOSE:
{
DestroyWindow(hWnd);
break;
}
case WM_DESTROY:
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
default:
{
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
}
}
return 0;
}
int WINAPI wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPreInstance, _In_ LPWSTR lpCmdLine, _In_ int nCmdShow)
{
PCWSTR className = L"Desktop";
WNDCLASSEX wc = {0};
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.lpszClassName = className;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wc))
{
MessageBox(NULL, L"注册窗口失败！", L"错误", MB_OK);
return 1;
}
HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx(0, className, L"编辑框使用", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, 600, 300, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if (!hWnd)
{
MessageBox(NULL, L"创建窗口失败！", L"错误", MB_OK);
return 2;
}
ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
MSG msg = {0};
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
DispatchMessage(&msg);
TranslateMessage(&msg);
}
return (int)msg.wParam;
}
EDIT 编辑框 & BUTTON 按钮
例子中点击设置将会向文本框写入一段文字，点击获取将弹出消息框并显示编辑框中的内容
#include <Windows.h>
#define ID_EDIT 100 // 编辑框 ID
#define ID_BUTTON1 101 // 设置按钮 ID
#define ID_BUTTON2 102 // 获取按钮 ID
#define BUF_SIZE 128 // 缓冲区大小
LRESULT CALLBACK wndProc(HWND wnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp)
{
static WCHAR buf[BUF_SIZE]; // 缓冲区，用于存储从编辑框获取的文本
switch (msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
HWND edit = CreateWindowEx(0, L"EDIT", NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_VSCROLL | ES_LEFT | ES_MULTILINE, 0, 0, 300, 400, wnd, (HMENU)ID_EDIT, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(wnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), NULL);
if (!edit)
{
exit(3);
}
HWND button1 = CreateWindowEx(0, L"BUTTON", L"设置", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 400, 150, 100, 50, wnd, (HMENU)ID_BUTTON1, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(wnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), NULL);
if (!button1)
{
exit(4);
}
HWND button2 = CreateWindowEx(0, L"BUTTON", L"获取", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 400, 210, 100, 50, wnd, (HMENU)ID_BUTTON2, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(wnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), NULL);
if (!button2)
{
exit(5);
}
break;
}
case WM_COMMAND: // 控件消息
{
switch (LOWORD(wp)) // 控件 ID 匹配
{
case ID_BUTTON1: // 设置按钮
{
if (HIWORD(wp) == BN_CLICKED) // 单击事件
{
SetDlgItemText(wnd, ID_EDIT, L"中国，以华夏文明为源泉、中华文化为基础，是世界上历史最悠久的国家之一。"); // 向编辑框设置文本
}
break;
}
case ID_BUTTON2: // 获取按钮
{
if (HIWORD(wp) == BN_CLICKED)
{
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
GetDlgItemText(wnd, ID_EDIT, buf, BUF_SIZE); // 从编辑框获取文本
MessageBox(wnd, buf, L"信息", MB_OK);
}
break;
}
default:
{
break;
}
}
break;
}
case WM_CLOSE:
{
DestroyWindow(wnd);
break;
}
case WM_DESTROY:
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
default:
{
return DefWindowProc(wnd, msg, wp, lp);
}
}
return 0;
}
int WINAPI wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPreInstance, _In_ LPWSTR lpCmdLine, _In_ int nCmdShow)
{
PCWSTR className = L"desktopAPP";
WNDCLASSEX wc = {0};
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.lpszClassName = className;
wc.lpfnWndProc = wndProc;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wc))
{
return 1;
}
HWND wnd = CreateWindowEx(0, className, L"编辑框使用", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, 600, 400, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if (!wnd)
{
return 2;
}
ShowWindow(wnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(wnd);
MSG msg = {0};
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
DispatchMessage(&msg);
TranslateMessage(&msg);
}
return (int)msg.wParam;
}
登录界面（标签、编辑框和按钮的综合应用）
#include <Windows.h>
#define ID_STATIC1 100
#define ID_STATIC2 101
#define ID_EDIT1 102
#define ID_EDIT2 103
#define ID_BUTTON1 104
#define STR_SIZE 32
LRESULT CALLBACK wndProc(HWND wnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp)
{
static WCHAR account[STR_SIZE], password[STR_SIZE];
switch (msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
CreateWindowEx(0, L"STATIC", L"账号", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 40, 40, 30, 20, wnd, (HMENU)ID_STATIC1, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(wnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), NULL);
CreateWindowEx(0, L"STATIC", L"密码", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 40, 75, 30, 20, wnd, (HMENU)ID_STATIC2, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(wnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), NULL);
CreateWindowEx(0, L"EDIT", NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER, 90, 40, 200, 20, wnd, (HMENU)ID_EDIT1, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(wnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), NULL);
CreateWindowEx(0, L"EDIT", NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_PASSWORD, 90, 75, 200, 20, wnd, (HMENU)ID_EDIT2, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(wnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), NULL);
CreateWindowEx(0, L"BUTTON", L"登录", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 150, 120, 50, 30, wnd, (HMENU)ID_BUTTON1, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(wnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), NULL);
break;
}
case WM_COMMAND:
{
switch (LOWORD(wp))
{
case ID_BUTTON1: // 匹配登录按钮
{
if (HIWORD(wp) == BN_CLICKED) // 登录验证操作
{
memset(account, 0, sizeof(account));
memset(password, 0, sizeof(password));
GetDlgItemText(wnd, ID_EDIT1, account, STR_SIZE);
GetDlgItemText(wnd, ID_EDIT2, password, STR_SIZE);
if (!wcscmp(account, L"IYATT-yx") || !wcscmp(password, L"123456")) // 账号密码匹配
{
MessageBox(wnd, L"登录成功！", L"验证消息", MB_OK);
}
else
{
MessageBox(wnd, L"账号或密码错误！", L"验证消息", MB_OK);
}
}
break;
}
default:
{
break;
}
}
break;
}
case WM_CLOSE:
{
DestroyWindow(wnd);
break;
}
case WM_DESTROY:
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
default:
{
return DefWindowProc(wnd, msg, wp, lp);
}
}
return 0;
}
int WINAPI wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPreInstance, _In_ LPWSTR lpCmdLine, _In_ int nCmdShow)
{
PCWSTR className = L"desktopAPP";
WNDCLASSEX wc = {0};
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.lpszClassName = className;
wc.lpfnWndProc = wndProc;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wc))
{
return 11;
}
HWND wnd = CreateWindowEx(0, className, L"登录", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, 350, 200, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if (!wnd)
{
return 12;
}
ShowWindow(wnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(wnd);
MSG msg = {0};
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
DispatchMessage(&msg);
TranslateMessage(&msg);
}
return (int)msg.wParam;
}
控件库使用 – Windows API