{"id":9515,"date":"2023-03-09T00:27:12","date_gmt":"2023-03-08T16:27:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=9515"},"modified":"2024-05-05T14:18:11","modified_gmt":"2024-05-05T06:18:11","slug":"c-%e5%bc%82%e5%b8%b8%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=9515","title":{"rendered":"C++ \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=9515\/#%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83\" >\u73af\u5883<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=9515\/#%E6%8A%9B%E5%87%BA%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF\" >\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u6d88\u606f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=9515\/#%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8\" >\u6807\u51c6\u5f02\u5e38<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=9515\/#%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E7%B1%BB\" >\u6807\u51c6\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=9515\/#%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E7%B1%BB\" >\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=9515\/#%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8\" >\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=9515\/#%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E8%99%9A%E6%9E%90%E6%9E%84%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8\" >\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u865a\u6790\u6784\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83\"><\/span>\u73af\u5883<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Debian 11\uff08arm64\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668 g++ 10.2.1\uff1b\u7f16\u8bd1\u6807\u51c6 C++20\uff1b\u53c2\u6570\uff1a-std=c++20 -no-pie -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Werror=format-security -Wextra -pedantic -Wimplicit-fallthrough -Wsequence-point -Wswitch-unreachable -Wswitch-enum -Wstringop-truncation -Wbool-compare -Wtautological-compare -Wfloat-equal -Wshadow=global -Wpointer-arith -Wpointer-compare -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wwrite-strings -Wdangling-else -Wlogical-op -Wconversion -g -O0<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%8A%9B%E5%87%BA%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF\"><\/span>\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u6d88\u606f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n\nint main()\n{\n    try\n    {\n        int x = 10;\n        int y = 0;\n\n        if (y == 0)\n        {\n            throw &quot;\u9664\u6570\u4e3a 0&quot;;\n        }\n\n        std::cout &lt;&lt; x \/ y &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    }\n    catch (const char *msg)\n    {\n        std::cerr &lt;&lt; &quot;\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a&quot; &lt;&lt; msg &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    }\n    catch (...)\n    {\n        std::cerr &lt;&lt; &quot;\u672a\u77e5\u5f02\u5e38&quot; &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1678287563229.png\" alt=\"file\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 203px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 203\/117;\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8\"><\/span>\u6807\u51c6\u5f02\u5e38<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E7%B1%BB\"><\/span>\u6807\u51c6\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<pre><code>std::bad_alloc\uff1a\u5f53\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\nstd::bad_cast\uff1a\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528dynamic_cast\u8f6c\u6362\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\nstd::logic_error\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\uff1a\n    std::invalid_argument\uff1a\u5f53\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u65e0\u6548\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\n    std::domain_error\uff1a\u5f53\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8d85\u51fa\u5b9a\u4e49\u57df\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\n    std::length_error\uff1a\u5f53\u8bd5\u56fe\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d85\u51fa\u5141\u8bb8\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\n    std::out_of_range\uff1a\u5f53\u7d22\u5f15\u8d85\u51fa\u6709\u6548\u8303\u56f4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\nstd::runtime_error\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\uff1a\n    std::overflow_error\uff1a\u5f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\n    std::underflow_error\uff1a\u5f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\n    std::range_error\uff1a\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53ef\u8868\u793a\u8303\u56f4\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\n    std::system_error\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5e95\u5c42\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n#include &lt;exception&gt;\n\nint main()\n{\n    try\n    {\n        int x = 10;\n        int y = 0;\n\n        if (y == 0)\n        {\n            throw std::runtime_error(&quot;\u9664\u6570\u4e3a 0&quot;);\n        }\n\n        std::cout &lt;&lt; x \/ y &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    }\n    catch (const std::exception &amp;e)\n    {\n        std::cerr &lt;&lt; &quot;\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a&quot; &lt;&lt; e.what() &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1678290829505.png\" alt=\"file\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 235px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 235\/91;\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E7%B1%BB\"><\/span>\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8\"><\/span>\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n#include &lt;exception&gt;\n\nclass MyException : public std::exception\n{\n    public:\n        virtual const char *what() const noexcept\n        {\n            return &quot;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38&quot;;\n        }\n};\n\nint main()\n{\n    try\n    {\n        throw MyException();\n    }\n    catch (const std::exception &amp;e)\n    {\n        std::cerr &lt;&lt; &quot;\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a&quot; &lt;&lt; e.what() &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-1678291244834.png\" alt=\"file\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 260px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 260\/87;\" \/><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E5%BC%82%E5%B8%B8%E8%99%9A%E6%9E%90%E6%9E%84%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8\"><\/span>\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u865a\u6790\u6784\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5047\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u666f\uff0c\u629b\u51fa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u540e\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6253\u5f00\uff08\u6216\u521b\u5efa\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5f80\u91cc\u9762\u8ffd\u52a0\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u6355\u83b7\u9519\u8bef\u5904\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u5bff\u547d\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u865a\u6790\u6784\u68c0\u67e5\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u95ed\u5c31\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n#include &lt;fstream&gt;\n#include &lt;exception&gt;\n\nclass MyException : public std::exception\n{\n    public:\n        MyException(const char *message, const char *file) : msg(message), filename(file)\n        {\n            log();\n        }\n\n        virtual ~MyException() noexcept\n        {\n            if (logFile.is_open())\n            {\n                logFile.close();\n            }\n        }\n\n        virtual const char *what() const noexcept\n        {\n            return msg.c_str();\n        }\n\n        void log()\n        {\n            logFile.open(filename, std::ios::out | std::ios::app);\n            if (logFile.is_open())\n            {\n                logFile &lt;&lt; msg &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n                logFile.close();\n            }\n        }\n\n    private:\n        std::string msg;\n        std::string filename;\n        std::ofstream logFile;\n};\n\nint main() {\n    try\n    {\n        throw MyException(&quot;\u51fa\u73b0 XXX \u9519\u8bef&quot;, &quot;error.log&quot;);\n    }\n    catch (const std::exception &amp;e)\n    {\n        std::cerr &lt;&lt; &quot;\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a&quot; &lt;&lt; e.what() &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u73af\u5883 Debian 11\uff08arm64\uff09 \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668 g++ 10.2.1\uff1b\u7f16\u8bd1\u6807\u51c6 C++20\uff1b\u53c2\u6570\uff1a-std=c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-all"],"modified_by":"IYATT-yx","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9515"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9515\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9515"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}