{"id":644,"date":"2021-04-30T07:48:53","date_gmt":"2021-04-29T23:48:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644"},"modified":"2024-05-05T14:19:36","modified_gmt":"2024-05-05T06:19:36","slug":"%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644","title":{"rendered":"\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5\" >\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86\" >Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%89%E6%80%81\" >Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e09\u6001<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84\" >Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u6784<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%9D%97%EF%BC%88PCB%EF%BC%89\" >Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5757\uff08PCB\uff09<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E8%B0%83%E5%BA%A6\" >Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA\" >\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%AD%89%E5%BE%85\" >\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA\" >\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=644\/#%E5%AE%88%E6%8A%A4%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B\" >\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u6c42\u3002Linux \u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u662f\u4ee5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u901a\u7528\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u77ed\u671f\u7684\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u957f\u671f\u7684\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u957f\u671f\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ca\u5176\u8c03\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u822c\u7ba1\u7406\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5\"><\/span>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u5173\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bfb\u8005\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u4f53\u7cfb\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u5bb6\u5e38\u7528\u7684 CPU \u5355\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u6bb5\u5185\u53ea\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u90a3\u4e48 Linux \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5462\uff1fLinux \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u201d\uff08Process Scheduling\uff09\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6307\u6d3e\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u901a\u5e38\u5f88\u77ed\uff0c\u77ed\u5230\u4ee5\u6beb\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f9d\u7167\u67d0\u79cd\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ece\u4f17\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6311\u9009\u4e00\u4e2a\u6295\u5165\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6682\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u5f53\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\u95f4\u8017\u5c3d\uff0c\u6216\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u6216\u56e0\u67d0\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u6682\u505c\uff0cLinux \u5c31\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u6311\u9009\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6295\u5165\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u90fd\u5f88\u77ed\uff0c\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5757\uff08Process Control Block\uff0cPCB\uff09\u3002PCB \u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u6267\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\uff08Process ID\uff09\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8d1f\u7684\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u5728 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u5730\u6807\u5fd7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u4ece\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 \u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\u53f7\u7801\u201d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u822c\u5206\u4e3a\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u6279\u5904\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b 3 \u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u603b\u662f\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u3002\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u811a\u672c\u81ea\u52a8\u6fc0\u6d3b\u542f\u52a8\u6216\u7531\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237 root \u6765\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u6240\u5904\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \uff08PID\uff09\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li><li>\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \uff08PPID\uff09\u3002<\/li><li>\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237 ID \uff08UID\uff09\u548c\u6240\u5c5e\u5f52\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec4\uff08GID\uff09\u3002<\/li><li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\uff08R\uff09\u3001\u4f11\u7720\uff08S\uff09\u548c\u50f5\u5c38\uff08Z\uff09\u3002<\/li><li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002<\/li><li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u540d\u3002<\/li><li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u88ab\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f53\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u7ec8\u6b62\uff1b\u4f46\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5f53 httpd \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6740\u6389\u5176\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u800c\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u5360\u7528\u8fc7\u591a\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u6740\u6b7b\u5b83\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86\"><\/span>Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u76d1\u89c6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1aps<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">l \u957f\u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">u \u6309\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u6765\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">j \u7528\u4efb\u52a1\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">f \u7528\u6811\u72b6\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">x \u663e\u793a\u65e0\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">r \u663e\u793a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u4e00\u822c\u662f aux \u6216 lax\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">USER \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5c5e\u4e3b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PID \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 ID.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PPID \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 ID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">%CPU \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 CPU \u5360\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">%MEM \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NI \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 NICE \u503c\uff0c\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8f83\u5c11\u5360\u7528 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">VSZ \u8fdb\u7a0b\u865a\u62df\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RSS \u9a7b\u7559\u4e2d\u9875\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TTY \u7ec8\u7aef ID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">STAT \u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D \u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R \u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u6216\u5728\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S \u5904\u4e8e\u4f11\u7720\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T \u505c\u6b62\u6216\u88ab\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X \u6b7b\u6389\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z \u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt; \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L \u6709\u4e9b\u9875\u88ab\u9501\u8fdb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">s \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff08\u5176\u4e0b\u6709\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">l \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 CLONE_THREAD\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c NPTL\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">+ \u4f4d\u4e8e\u540e\u53f0\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WCHAN \u6b63\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">START \u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TIME \u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017 CPU \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">COMMAND \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1apgrep<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pgrep \u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6765\u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u5e38\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u660e\u4e86\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-l \u5217\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-o \u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d77\u59cb\u7684 ID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-n \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684 ID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4e2d\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1akill\u3001killall\u3001pkill \u548c xkill<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.kill \u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">kill \u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u548c ps \u6216 pgrep \u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff08\u83b7\u53d6 PID\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">kill \u4fe1\u53f7\u4ee3\u7801 \u8fdb\u7a0bID<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5173\u4e8e\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/linux%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91\/2021\/04\/25\/shell-%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b\/\" rel=\"noopener\">shell \u7f16\u7a0b<\/a> (\u7528 trap \u547d\u4ee4\u6355\u6349\u4fe1\u53f7)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.killall \u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">killall \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u76f4\u63a5\u6740\u6b7b\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">killall \u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.pkill<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pkill \u51fd\u6570\u548c killall \u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6740\u6b7b\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.xkill<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">xkill \u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5728\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u7528\u4e8e\u6740\u6b7b\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u56fe\u5f62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u5d29\u6e83\u4e0d\u80fd\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u5355\u673a\u9f20\u6807\u5c31\u80fd\u5c06\u5176\u6740\u6b7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u76d1\u89c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1atop<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0e ps \u76f8\u6bd4\uff0ctop \u662f\u52a8\u6001\u76d1\u89c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0ctop \u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-b \u4ee5\u6279\u91cf\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-c \u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-d N \u663e\u793a\u4e24\u6b21\u5237\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a N \u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-i \u7981\u6b62\u663e\u793a\u7a7a\u95f2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-n N \u663e\u793a\u66f4\u65b0\u6b21\u6570\uff08\u66f4\u65b0 N \u6b21\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-p PID \u4ec5\u76d1\u89c6\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 ID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-q \u4e0d\u7ecf\u4efb\u4f55\u5ef6\u65f6\u5c31\u5237\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-s \u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u7981\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ea4\u4e92\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-S \u4ee5\u79ef\u7d2f\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u603b\u7684 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5df2\u6b7b\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u547d\u4ee4\u952e\u4f4d\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">space \u7acb\u5373\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c \u5207\u6362\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6216\u663e\u793a\u6574\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">f\u3001F \u589e\u52a0\u663e\u793a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u6216\u5220\u9664\u663e\u793a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">h\u3001\uff1f \u663e\u793a\u6709\u5173\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u7d2f\u79ef\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">k \u63d0\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u8981\u6740\u6b7b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7528\u6765\u6740\u6b7b\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4fe1\u53f7 15\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i \u7981\u6b62\u7a7a\u95f2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">l \u5207\u6362\u5230\u663e\u793a\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">m \u5207\u6362\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">n \u63d0\u793a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">o\u3001O \u6539\u53d8\u663e\u793a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">r \u628a renice \u5e94\u7528\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u8f93\u5165 PID \u548c renice \u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">s \u6539\u53d8\u4e24\u6b21\u5237\u65b0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u79d2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">t \u5207\u6362\u5230\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c CPU \u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A \u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u751f\u547d\u5927\u5c0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u663e\u793a\u5728\u6700\u524d\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M \u6309\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7531\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N \u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7531\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P \u6309 CPU \u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7531\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S \u5207\u6362\u5230\u7d2f\u8ba1\u65f6\u95f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T \u6309\u65f6\u95f4\/\u7d2f\u8ba1\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">W \u628a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5199\u5230 \u201c~\/.toprc\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1anice \u548c renice<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u7ade\u4e89\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u6765\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8c26\u8ba9\u5ea6\u3002\u9ad8\u8c26\u8ba9\u5ea6\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u522b\u4f4e\u3002\u8d1f\u503c\u6216 0 \u8868\u793a\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u5b83\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u8c26\u8ba9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u62e5\u6709\u4f18\u5148\u5360\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u8c26\u8ba9\u5ea6\u7684\u503c\u4e3a -20 ~ 19\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u524d\u786c\u4ef6\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5931\u63a7\u800c\u75af\u72c2\u5360\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u5927\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u5728\u8feb\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6740\u6389\u5931\u63a7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0cnice \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6307\u5b9a\u8c26\u8ba9\u5ea6\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u503c\u662f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b shell \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u503c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8c26\u8ba9\u503c\u5f97\u76f8\u52a0\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u7528 nice \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f97\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u589e\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">nice -n \u8c26\u8ba9\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u91cf\u503c \u7a0b\u5e8f<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">renice \u6240\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u6570\u503c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">renice \u8c26\u8ba9\u5ea6 PID<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%89%E6%80%81\"><\/span>Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e09\u6001<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4e09\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u72b6\u6001<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff081\uff09\u5c31\u7eea\uff08Ready\uff09\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u82e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u9664 CPU \u4ee5\u5916\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5730\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4fbf\u53ef\u7acb\u5373\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u79f0\u4e3a\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff082\uff09\u8fd0\u884c\uff08Running\uff09\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u83b7\u5f97\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u5176\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff083\uff09\u963b\u585e\uff08Blocked\uff09\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f53\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4fbf\u5904\u4e8e\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f15\u8d77\u8fdb\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7b49\u5f85 I\/O \u5b8c\u6210\u3001\u7533\u8bf7\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u3001\u7b49\u5f85\u4fe1\u53f7\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4e09\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u4ece\u4e00\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u6b21\u591a\u6b21\u5904\u4e8e\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u6b21\u5904\u4e8e\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"577\" height=\"723\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021011809261855.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-653 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021011809261855.png 577w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/2021011809261855-239x300.png 239w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 577px) 100vw, 577px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 577px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 577\/723;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff081\uff09\u5c31\u7eea-&gt;\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5904\u4e8e\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u5730\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u5668\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fbf\u7531\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u6210\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff082\uff09\u8fd0\u884c-&gt;\u5c31\u7eea\u3002\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u5730\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u6bb5\u5df2\u7528\u5b8c\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8ba9\u51fa CPU\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ece\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff083\uff09\u8fd0\u884c-&gt;\u6302\u8d77\u3002\u5f53\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u56e0\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u79cd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4fbf\u4ece\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u6210\u6302\u8d77\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff084\uff09\u6302\u8d77-&gt;\u5c31\u7eea\u3002\u5904\u4e8e\u6302\u8d77\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u82e5\u5176\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4fbf\u7531\u6302\u8d77\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84\"><\/span>Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u6784<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c2\u770b<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=468\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/a>(\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u653e\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%9D%97%EF%BC%88PCB%EF%BC%89\"><\/span>Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5757\uff08PCB\uff09<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 task_struct \u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0ctask_struct \u653e\u5728 \/usr\/include\/linux\/sched.h \u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5757\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7533\u8bf7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684 task_struct \u533a\uff0c\u5373\u7a7a\u95f2 PCB \u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u586b\u5165\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6307\u9488\u586b\u5165\u5230 task[] \u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u7684 PCB \u7528\u6307\u9488\u6570\u7ec4 \u201ccurrent_set[]\u201d \u6765\u6307\u51fa\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6545\u5c06 current_set \u5b9a\u4e49\u6210\u6307\u9488\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 PCB \u5305\u62ec\u5f88\u591a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a PCB \u7ea6\u5360 1KB \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a PCB \u7684\u7ed3\u6784 task_struct \u7b80\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">struct task_struct\n{\n    ...\n    \/\/ \u7528\u6237\u6807\u8bc6\n    unsigned short uid;\n    \/\/ \u8fdb\u7a0b\u6807\u8bc6\n    int pid;\n    \/\/ \u6807\u8bc6\u7528\u6237\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 CPU\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u79f0\u591a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\n    int processor;\n\n\n    ...\n\n    \/\/ \u6807\u8bc6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ef\u4e3a\u4e0b\u52176\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u4e00\n    \/\/ \u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff1aTASK-RUNING\n    \/\/ \u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\uff1aTASK-UBERRUPTIBLE\n    \/\/ \u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\uff1aTASK-UNINTERRUPTIBLE\n    \/\/ \u50f5\u6b7b\u72b6\u6001\uff1aTASK-ZOMBLE\n    \/\/ \u6682\u505c\u6001\uff1aTASK-STOPPED\n    \/\/ \u4ea4\u6362\u6001\uff1aTASK-SWAPPING\n    volatile long state;\n    \/\/ \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\n    long prority;\n    \/\/ \u5b9e\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u5bf9\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6548\n    unsigned long rt_prority;\n    \/\/ \u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u52a8\u6001\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8f6e\u8f6c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\n    long counter;\n    \/\/ \u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5176\u503c\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b3\u79cd\u4e4b\u4e00\n    \/\/ SCHED_OTHER \uff080\uff09 \u5bf9\u5e94\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u6cd5\uff08round robin\uff09\n    \/\/ SCHED_FIFO \uff081\uff09 \u5bf9\u5e94\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u670d\u52a1\u7b97\u6cd5\n    \/\/ SCHED_RR\uff082\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u6cd5\n    unsigned long policy;\n\n    ...\n    \n    \/\/ \u8fdb\u7a0b PCB \u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u524d\u540e\u9879\u6307\u9488\n    struct task_struct *next_task, *prev_task;\n    \/\/ \u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u524d\u540e\u9879\u6307\u9488\n    struct task_struct *next_run, *prev_run;\n    \/\/ \u6307\u660e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bb6\u65cf\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u7956\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u8001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6307\u9488\n    struct task_struct *p_opptr, *p_pptr, *p_cptr, *pysptr, *p_ptr;\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Linux_%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E8%B0%83%E5%BA%A6\"><\/span>Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u73af\u5883\u91cc\uff0c\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u8005\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5230\u5355\u4e2a CPU\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u8005\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 OS \u9700\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u76ee\u6807<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528 CPU \u5206\u4e3a 3 \u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1aI\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u548c\u5e73\u8861\u578b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e I\/O \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u4e8b\u4ef6\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cCPU \u7684\u5468\u8f6c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e73\u8861\u578b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u548c\u5468\u8f6c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CPU \u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u6781\u5c0f\u5316\u5e73\u5747\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6781\u5927\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u541e\u5410\u7387\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u90e8\u4ef6\u5747\u5904\u4e8e\u7e41\u5fd9\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u67d0\u79cd\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u5728\u8fbe\u5230\u622a\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u8be5\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.FCFS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">FCFS\uff08First Come First Serve\u2014\u2014\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e3a FIFO \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5148\u6765\u5148\u5904\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f3c\u4e4e\u516c\u5e73\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u77ed\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6162\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u524d\u9762\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5360\u7528\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5e73\u5747\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u975e\u5e38\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8be2\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u5bf9 FIFO \u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6539\u5584\u77ed\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\uff09\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8f6e\u8f6c\u5c31\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1 FIFO\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u592a\u5c0f\uff0c\u5219\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u5927\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u7387\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u2460 \u4e00\u6b21\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u2461 \u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d88\u8017\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8be2\u7b97\u6cd5\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u975e\u5e38\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u975e\u5e38\u597d\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8f6c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u603b\u662f\u6bd4 FiFO \u7b97\u6cd5\u77ed\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5374\u51b3\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.STCF<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">STCF\uff08Short Time to Complete First\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u77ed\u4efb\u52a1\u4f18\u5148\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u77ed\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6bd4\u957f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c OS \u603b\u662f\u5b89\u6392\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">STCF \u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u975e\u62a2\u5360\u5f0f\u548c\u62a2\u5360\u5f0f\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002\u975e\u62a2\u5360\u5f0f STFC \u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728 CPU \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u5230\u7ed3\u675f\u6216\u8005\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5c31\u7eea\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u77ed\u7684\u6765\u6267\u884c\uff1b\u800c\u62a2\u5360\u5f0f STCF \u5219\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u8fdb\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u5728 CPU \u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u8c01\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u77ed\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd0\u884c\u8c01\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">STCF \u603b\u662f\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5b83\u4e5f\u6709\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a\u2460 \u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u957f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u9965\u997f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a OS \u603b\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u6267\u884c\u77ed\u4efb\u52a1\uff1b\u2461 \u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u77e5\u9053\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u9884\u6d4b\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f30\u7b97\uff08\u5982\u6839\u636e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4f30\u7b97\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u904d\u540e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5176\u6240\u7528\u7684 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u5355\u6765\u8fdb\u884c STCF \u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8c03\u5ea6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">STCF \u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u957f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u9965\u997f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u957f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8c03\u5ea6\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u77ed\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9965\u997f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u6743\u503c\uff09+ \u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8be2\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6b63\u662f Linux \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u4e4b\u4e00 \u2014\u2014 SCHED_OTHER \u5206\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff081\uff09\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u91c7\u7528\u5206\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684 nice \u503c\uff08-20 ~ 19\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff082\uff09\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684 nice \u503c\u786e\u5b9a\u5728 CPU \u4e0a\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff08counter\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff083\uff09\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7b49\u5f85\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u8be5\u4efb\u52a1\u52a0\u5165\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff084\uff09\u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u52a8\u6001\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff08counter + 20 &#8211; nice\uff09\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bb\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7528\u5b8c\u4ee5\u540e\uff08counter \u51cf\u81f3 0\uff09\u6216\u8005\u4e3b\u52a8\u653e\u5f03 CPU \u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u4efb\u52a1\u5c06\u88ab\u653e\u5728\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u672b\u5c3e\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7528\u5b8c\uff09\u6216\u7b49\u5f85\u961f\u5217\uff08\u56e0\u7b49\u5f85\u8d44\u6e90\u800c\u653e\u5f03 CPU\uff09\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff085\uff09\u6b64\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cd\u590d\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8f6c\u81f3\u6b65\u9aa4\uff084\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff086\uff09\u5f53\u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d1\u73b0\u6240\u6709\u5c31\u7eea\u4efb\u52a1\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u6743\u503c\u90fd\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5927\u4e8e 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u6b65\u9aa4\uff082\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux \u8fd8\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\uff1aFIFO \u548c RR\u3002\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u62a2\u5360\u975e\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u7f3a\u70b9\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u73b0\u4ee3 OS \u901a\u5e38\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u5927\u7c7b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5927\u7c7b\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u7c7b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5927\u7c7b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7c7b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u91c7\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8be2\u6cd5\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5.\u5176\u5b83\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u60f3\u7528\u7684 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u5f69\u7968\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6982\u7387\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u201c\u53d1\u5f69\u7968\u201d\uff0c\u6765\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5f69\u7968\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6709\u70b9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u77ed\u4efb\u52a1\u53d1\u66f4\u591a&#8221;\u5f69\u7968\u201c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u7c7b\u4f3c STFC \u8c03\u5ea6\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u6837\u591a\u7684\u201d\u5f69\u7968\u201c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4fdd\u969c\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002\u7528\u6237\u516c\u5e73\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u6309\u7167\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u7167\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u516c\u5e73\u5206\u914d CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8d2a\u5a6a\u7528\u6237\u542f\u7528\u4e86\u8fc7\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u751a\u81f3\u505c\u987f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6.\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u7b26\u5408\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5728\u622a\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u65e9\u622a\u6b62\u4efb\u52a1\u4f18\u5148\uff08Earliest Deadline First\uff0cEDF\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u6700\u65e9\u622a\u6b62\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5148\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5f53\u65b0\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8fc7\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u7684\u622a\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u9760\u524d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u8ba9\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u62a2\u5360\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002EDF \u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u7ec4\u4efb\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u622a\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 EDF \u53ef\u4ee5\u5168\u90e8\u6ee1\u8db3\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u6279\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u6ee1\u8db3\uff08\u5168\u90e8\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u622a\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 EDF \u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u4f53\u73b0\u3002EDF \u5b9e\u9645\u5c31\u662f\u62a2\u5360\u5f0f STCF\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6362\u6210\u4e86\u622a\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\u3002EDF \u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u622a\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e76\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u62a2\u5360\u4efb\u52a1\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6548\u679c\u6bd4\u7406\u8bba\u9884\u60f3\u8981\u5dee\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">EDF \u662f\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c RMS\uff08Rate Monotonic Scheduling\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9759\u6001\u6700\u4f18\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\u524d\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u7167\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65e2\u4e0d\u63a5\u6536\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8c03\u6574\u6216\u8005 CPU \u62a2\u5360\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684\u6709\u70b9\u662f\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u5c0f\uff0c\u7f3a\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u7075\u6d3b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eRMS \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7ec4\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4efb\u52a1\u7684 CPU \u5229\u7528\u7387\u90fd\u4f4e\u4e8e ln2\uff08\u7ea6\u7b49\u4e8e 0.693147\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u622a\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3.\u5c31\u662f\u6b64\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u5269\u4e0b 30% \u7684 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bc1\u660e\u662f Liu \u548c Kayland \u5728 1973\u5e74\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u53cd\u8f6c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u53cd\u8f6c\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6301\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u7531\u4e8e\u8d44\u6e90\u7f3a\u4e4f\u800c\u5904\u4e8e\u53d7\u963b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5230\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u800c\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u83b7\u5f97\u7684 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u5c11\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u6709\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5904\u4e8e\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u90a3\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u4e2d\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u53cd\u800c\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u800c\u83b7\u5f97 CPU \u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u7b49\u5f85\u8d44\u6e90\u65f6\u4e0d\u662f\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5fd9\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u65f6\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e89\u593a CPU \u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u9020\u6210\u7684\u540e\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u8d44\u6e90\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff081\uff09\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0a\u9650\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5176\u5b83\u8bd5\u56fe\u8fdb\u5165\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u90fd\u4f4e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u53cd\u8f6c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\uff082\uff09\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6301\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u6682\u65f6\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u522b\u3002\u5728\u91ca\u653e\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u540e\uff0c\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u56de\u5230\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf VxWorks \u5c31\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u30021997\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u706b\u661f\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 VsWorks\uff09\u5c31\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u53cd\u8f6c\u95ee\u9898\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6545\u969c\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u4e0b\uff0c\u706b\u661f\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u603b\u7ebf\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u603b\u7ebf\u4efb\u52a1\u8d1f\u8d23\u603b\u7ebf\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u53d6\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u603b\u7ebf\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u90fd\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\uff08\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff09\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u6c14\u8c61\u641c\u96c6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u603b\u7ebf\u5199\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\uff1b\u6700\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f\u3002\u5e73\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u6beb\u65e0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u5728\u6c14\u8c61\u4efb\u52a1\u83b7\u5f97\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u51c6\u5907\u5f80\u603b\u7ebf\u5199\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u65ad\u53d1\u751f\u5bfc\u81f4\u901a\u4fe1\u4efb\u52a1\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e3a\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u4efb\u52a1\u62a2\u5360\u4e86\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u6c14\u8c61\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u800c\u6070\u5de7\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u603b\u7ebf\u4efb\u52a1\u6b63\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u6c14\u8c61\u4efb\u52a1\u5199\u5b8c\u6570\u636e\u91ca\u653e\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u4efb\u52a1\u62a2\u5360\u4e86 CPU \u5e76\u4e14\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6c14\u8c61\u4efb\u52a1\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u91ca\u653e\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u662f\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u603b\u7ebf\u4efb\u52a1\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u603b\u7ebf\u4efb\u52a1\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u53ca\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u88ab\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\u53f7\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u8feb\u91cd\u542f\u3002\u672c\u6765 Vsworks \u5141\u8bb8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u65ad\u7981\u6b62\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7981\u6b62\u4e2d\u65ad\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e34\u754c\u533a\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u6b64\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u53ef\u62a2\u5360\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u548c\u4e2d\u65ad\u7981\u6b62\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u524d\u8005\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8e\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u706b\u661f\u63a2\u8def\u8005\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6c14\u8c61\u4efb\u52a1\u88ab\u4e2d\u65ad\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4efb\u52a1\u6240\u62a2\u5360\u624d\u5bfc\u81f4\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u7684\u7981\u6b62\u4e2d\u65ad\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA\"><\/span>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a ID\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528 getid() \u51fd\u6570\u5f97\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 ID\uff0c\u800c getppid() \u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u521b\u5efa\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\u7684 ID\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-2\n * @brief \u83b7\u53d6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    printf(\"\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684ID\uff1a%d\\n\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff1a%d\\n\", getpid(), getppid());\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"705\" height=\"710\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-014521.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-666 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-014521.png 705w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-014521-298x300.png 298w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-014521-150x150.png 150w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 705px) 100vw, 705px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 705px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 705\/710;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong> fork<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-2\n * @brief \u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u793a\u4f8b\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n    pid_t pid = fork();\n\n    \/\/ \u6839\u636e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u914d\u4efb\u52a1\n    if (pid == 0)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\\t\u6211\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u662f\uff1a%d\\t\u6211\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u662f\uff1a%d\\n\", getpid(), getppid());\n    }\n    else if (pid > 0)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u6211\u662f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\\t\u6211\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u662f\uff1a%d\\t\u6211\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u662f\uff1a%d\\n\", getpid(), pid);\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5931\u8d25\uff01\\n\");\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"734\" height=\"681\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-120137.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-669 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-120137.png 734w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-120137-300x278.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 734px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 734\/681;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 fork \u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ea\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u590d\u5236\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5404\u81ea\u6709 task_struct \u548c PID\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u662f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u4e865\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u67095\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8bfb\u5199\u6307\u9488\u4e5f\u505c\u7559\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u6240\u505a\u7684\u662f\u590d\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cpipe\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u901a\u8fc7 fork \u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8c03\u7528 excl \u6267\u884c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u590d\u5236\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684 Linux \u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u4e86 copy-on-write\uff08COW\uff0c\u5199\u65f6\u590d\u5236\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u964d\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\uff0cfork \u51fd\u6570\u6700\u521d\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u771f\u6b63\u4ea7\u751f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u90a3\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5176\u5b9e\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u5199\u65f6\u590d\u5236\u65f6\u5728\u63a8\u8fdf\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6570\u636e\u590d\u5236\u3002\u82e5\u540e\u6765\u786e\u5b9e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u90a3\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u590d\u5236\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u62ff\u5230\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4efd\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">fork \u51fd\u6570\u6bcf\u8c03\u7528\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 PID\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de 0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 fork \u540e\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c fork \u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5806\u548c\u6808\u7684\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u5171\u4eab\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u540c\u540d\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53c8\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f .text \u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u7531 CPU \u6267\u884c\u7684\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong> vfork<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u6cd5\u548c fork \u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6548\u679c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7528 vfork \u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b8c\u5168\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7528 vfork \u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528 exit() \u6765\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u800c fork \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u66ff\u6362\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong>  exec\u65cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">exec \u65cf\u4e00\u5171\u6709 6 \u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709 execve \u662f\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">exec \u65cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u627e\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5373\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5185\u90e8\u6267\u884c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cexec \u65cf\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u540e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8c03\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u548c\u5806\u6808\u7b49\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u7b49\u4e00\u4e9b\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ecd\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u6837\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de -1\uff0c\u4ece\u539f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u70b9\u63a5\u7740\u5f80\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u822c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u60f3\u8981\u6267\u884c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 fork \u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528 exec \u65cf\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linux \u4e5f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u5176\u505a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\uff0cfork \u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5c06\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u5730\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u590d\u5236\u5730\u52a8\u4f5c\u5341\u5206\u8017\u65f6\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u53c8\u8c03\u7528 exec\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f9b\u8f9b\u82e6\u82e6\u590d\u5236\u6765\u5730\u4e1c\u897f\u53c8\u4f1a\u88ab\u7acb\u5373\u62b9\u9664\uff0c\u8fd9\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u505a\u4e86\u65e0\u7528\u529f\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u6709\u4e86 COW \uff08\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u8fc7\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u590d\u5236\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7b49\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5730\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u767d\u767d\u505a\u65e0\u7528\u529f\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">execl\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-2\n * @brief execl \u793a\u4f8b\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    \/\/ execl\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\n    \/\/ \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\n    \/\/ \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5360\u4f4d\uff0c\u968f\u4fbf\u5199\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u884c\uff0c\u6211\u4e00\u822c\u7559\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n    \/\/ \u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\u4e0d\u9650\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\n    \/\/ \u7ed3\u5c3e\u5fc5\u987b\u662f NULL\n    execl(\"\/bin\/ls\", \"\", \"-al\", \"\/\", NULL);\n\n    \/\/ execl \u6267\u884c\u51fa\u9519\u8fd4\u56de -1\uff0cerror\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u503c\uff08\u4f7f\u7528perror\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\uff09\n    \/\/ \u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5224\u65ad\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\n    \/\/ \u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u65e6 execl \u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u88ab\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25\u624d\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5224\u65ad\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\n    perror(\"execl error\");\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"989\" height=\"692\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-185756.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-671 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-185756.png 989w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-185756-300x210.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-185756-768x537.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 989px) 100vw, 989px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 989px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 989\/692;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">execlp \u7528\u4e8e\u4ece PATH \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u540c execl<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">exec \u65cf\u5176\u5b83\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 man \u81ea\u5df1\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6267\u884c shell \u547d\u4ee4<\/strong> system<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-2\n * @brief system \u793a\u4f8b\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    system(\"ls -l \/\");\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"689\" height=\"842\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-202259.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-673 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-202259.png 689w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-202259-245x300.png 245w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 689px) 100vw, 689px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 689px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 689\/842;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E7%AD%89%E5%BE%85\"><\/span>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4ece\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fc7\u591a\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8868\u91cc\u6761\u76ee\u88ab\u586b\u6ee1\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\uff0c\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8bb0\u8f7d\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u4f9b\u5176\u5b83\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6536\u96c6\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u5360\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u4ee5\u540e\u53ea\u80fd\u7531\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u56de\u6536\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5fd9\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u5fd9\u788c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6cd5\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e86\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <span style=\"color:#a3002c\" class=\"has-inline-color\">ps ef<\/span> \u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u6807\u8bc6\u6709 <span style=\"color:#a30012\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&lt;defunct&gt;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-2\n * @brief \u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    pid_t pid = fork();\n    if (pid > 0)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u8d7710\u79d2\\n\");\n        sleep(10);\n        printf(\"\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6062\u590d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\\n\");\n    }\n    else if (pid == 0)\n    {\n        ;\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5931\u8d25\uff01\\n\");\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"794\" height=\"868\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-211147.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-674 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-211147.png 794w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-211147-274x300.png 274w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-211147-768x840.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 794px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 794\/868;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f88\u5fd9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 signal \u6355\u6349 \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u578b\u53f7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-2\n * @brief \u89e3\u51b3\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;signal.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/wait.h>\n\n\/**\n * @brief \u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n * @param signo signal\u51fd\u6570\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4f20\u5165\u6355\u6349\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u503c\n *\/\nvoid recovery(int signo)\n{\n    \/\/ \u672c\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0d\u8981\u8b66\u544a\n    (void)signo;\n\n    wait(NULL);\n    printf(\"\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u56de\u6536!\\n\");\n}\n\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    \/\/ \u6355\u6349\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u5c31\u6267\u884c recovery() \u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n    signal(SIGCHLD, recovery);\n\n    pid_t pid = fork();\n    if (pid > 0)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb\u4fdd\u6301\u4f11\u7720\\n\");\n        \/\/ \u8ba9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff08\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u56de\u6536\uff09\n        while (1)\n        {\n            sleep(1);\n        }\n    }\n    else if (pid == 0)\n    {\n        ;\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5931\u8d25\uff01\\n\");\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"672\" height=\"854\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-221512.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-675 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-221512.png 672w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-221512-236x300.png 236w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 672px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 672\/854;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 signal \u901a\u77e5\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u5e76\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\uff0c\u5219\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u4f1a\u88ab\u5185\u6838\u56de\u6536\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u518d\u7ed9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-2\n * @brief \u8ba9\u5185\u6838\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;signal.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/wait.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    \/\/ \u6355\u6349\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u5c31\u8ba9\u5185\u6838\u6765\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n    signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN);\n\n    pid_t pid = fork();\n    if (pid > 0)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb\u4fdd\u6301\u4f11\u7720\\n\");\n        \/\/ \u8ba9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff08\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u56de\u6536\uff09\n        while (1)\n        {\n            sleep(1);\n        }\n    }\n    else if (pid == 0)\n    {\n        ;\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5931\u8d25\uff01\\n\");\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5b64\u513f\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u800c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e3a\u5b64\u513f\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0cinit\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u4e3a\uff1a1\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\u5c06\u7ee7\u627f\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7531\u5176\u91ca\u653e\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u6545\u610f\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b64\u513f\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8be6\u8c08\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    pid_t pid  = fork();\n    if (pid == 0)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u628a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u8ba9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u6b7b\n        printf(\"\u6211\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u662f\uff1a%d\\n\", getppid());\n        sleep(3);\n        printf(\"\u6211\u9192\u4e86\uff0c\u7239\u548b\u4e0d\u89c1\uff1f\\n\");\n        printf(\"\u6211\u7684\u7ee7\u7236\u662f\uff1a%d\\n\", getppid());\n    }\n    else if (pid > 0)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u6bd4\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u6b7b\u5c31\u884c\n        sleep(1);\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\uff01\\n\");\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"461\" height=\"776\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-230849.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-676 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-230849.png 461w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-230849-178x300.png 178w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 461px) 100vw, 461px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 461px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 461\/776;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e9b\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u8981\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u56de\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u3002\u800c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd8\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u4e1c\u897f\u5c31\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u540e\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>wait \u548c waitpid<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7528\u4e8e\u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65ad\u6216\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5b64\u513f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5e94\u5bf9\uff0c\u5f53\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u800c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u8d77\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u56de\u6536\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u7ed3\u675f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"498\" height=\"108\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-233255.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-678 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-233255.png 498w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-233255-300x65.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 498px) 100vw, 498px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 498px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 498\/108;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">wait() \u4f1a\u6682\u505c\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u4fe1\u53f7\u6765\u5230\u6216\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8c03\u7528 wait() \u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5219 wait() \u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u3002\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u4f1a\u7531\u53c2\u6570 stat_loc \u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u800c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5728\u610f\u7ed3\u675f\u72b6\u6001\u503c\uff0cstat_loc \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a NULL\u3002\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u540c waitpid \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">waitpid() \uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pid:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">pid &lt; -1 \u7b49\u5f85 pgid\uff08\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4ID\uff09\u4e3a pid \u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1bpid == -1 \u7b49\u5f85\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u540c wait\uff09\uff1bpid = 0 \u7b49\u5f85 pgid \u548c\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002pid &gt; 0 \u7b49\u5f85\u4efb\u4f55\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u4e3a pid \u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">stat_loc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WIFEXITED(stat_loc) \u5982\u679c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f\u5219\u4e3a\u975e0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WEXITSTATUS\uff08stat_loc\uff09 \u53d6\u5f97\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b exit\uff08\uff09\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u5148\u7528 WIFEXITED \u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f\u624d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u5b8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WIFSIGNALED\uff08stat_loc\uff09 \u5982\u679c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u53f7\u800c\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WTERMSIG\uff08stat_loc\uff09 \u53d6\u5f97\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u56e0\u4fe1\u53f7\u800c\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5148\u7528 WIFSIGNALED \u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u540e\u624d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u5b8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WIFSTOPPED\uff08stat_loc\uff09 \u5982\u679c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u4e8e\u6682\u505c\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WSTOPSIG\uff08stat_loc\uff09 \u53d6\u5f97\u5f15\u53d1\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6682\u505c\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u5148\u7528 WIFSTOPPED \u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">options\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">0 \u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WNOHANG \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5219\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e88\u7b49\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">WUNTRACED \u5982\u679c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u5165\u6682\u505c\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u5219\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed3\u675f\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u4e88\u7406\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-2\n * @brief wait\u56de\u6536\u8fdb\u7a0b\u793a\u4f8b\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/wait.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    pid_t pid  = fork();\n    if (pid == 0)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u628a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u8ba9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u6b7b\n        printf(\"\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\uff1a%d\\n\", getppid());\n        sleep(3);\n        printf(\"\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\uff1a%d\\n\", getppid());\n    }\n    else if (pid > 0)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u6bd4\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u6b7b\u5c31\u884c\n        sleep(1);\n\n        \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n        wait(NULL);\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\uff01\\n\");\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"491\" height=\"828\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-232740.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-677 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-232740.png 491w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-02-232740-178x300.png 178w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 491px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 491\/828;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-3\n * @brief waitpid \u56de\u6536\u8fdb\u7a0b\u793a\u4f8b\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/wait.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    pid_t pid  = fork();\n    if (pid == 0)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u628a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u8ba9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u6b7b\n        printf(\"\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\uff1a%d\\n\", getppid());\n        sleep(3);\n        printf(\"\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\uff1a%d\\n\", getppid());\n    }\n    else if (pid > 0)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u6bd4\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u6b7b\u5c31\u884c\n        sleep(1);\n\n        \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u72b6\u6001\n        int statLoc;\n        \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n        waitpid(pid, &amp;statLoc, 0);\n        \/\/ \u5224\u65ad\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u72b6\u6001\n        if (WIFEXITED(statLoc))\n        {\n            printf(\"\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa!\\n\");\n        }\n        else\n        {\n            printf(\"\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\uff01\\n\");\n        }\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\uff01\\n\");\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"419\" height=\"784\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-131643.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-694 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-131643.png 419w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-131643-160x300.png 160w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 419px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 419\/784;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA\"><\/span>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u6807\u8bc6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5373\u5c06\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u5206\u4e3a\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\u4e24\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 main \u4e2d\u6267\u884c return\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8c03\u7528 exit \u51fd\u6570\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8c03\u7528 _exit \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8c03\u7528 abort \u51fd\u6570\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6536\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f7f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u7ba1\u54ea\u79cd\u9000\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7528\u6765\u5173\u95ed\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5b83\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u8f83\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">exit \u548c return\uff1a\u524d\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff0cexit \u6267\u884c\u540e\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u4ea4\u7d66\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1b\u540e\u8005\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u540e\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\uff0creturn \u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u540e\u628a\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">exit \u548c abort\uff1a\u524d\u8005\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u4e2d\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1b\u540e\u8005\u662f\u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">exit \u548c _exit\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">exit \u662f\u5728 _exit \u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\u662f\uff1aexit \u5728\u8c03\u7528 _exit \u4e4b\u524d\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5728 Linux \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a \u201c\u7f13\u51b2 I\/O\u201d \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u5f81\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u7247\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8fde\u7eed\u5730\u8bfb\u5165\u82e5\u5e72\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u4e0b\u6b21\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\uff1b\u540c\u6837\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u4e5f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5199\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u7b49\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u6216\u8005\u9047\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u7ed9\u5f00\u53d1\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5199\u5165\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ea\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u7528 _exit \u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u5219\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 exit \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%AE%88%E6%8A%A4%E8%BF%9B%E7%A8%8B\"><\/span>\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08Daemon\uff09\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e76\u4e14\u5468\u671f\u6027\u5730\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u6216\u7b49\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u67d0\u4e9b\u53d1\u751f\u5730\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5c31\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u800c\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u67d0\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u7a0b syslogd\u3001Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668 httpd \u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668 mysqld \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5f3a\u884c\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u76f4\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u673a\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ecf\u5e38\u4ee5\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff08root\uff09\u6743\u9650\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3(1~1024)\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f init \u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08PID\u4e3a 1\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e\u5c31\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531 init \u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u5b64\u513f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u975e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5411\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907 stdout \u8fd8\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u9519\u8bbe\u5907 stderr \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5 d \u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u5982 sshd\u3001xinetd \u548c httpd\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u7279\u70b9<\/td><td>\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0b<br>\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef<br>\u5468\u671f\u6027\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4efb\u52a1<br>\u4e0d\u53d7\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u6ce8\u9500\u5f71\u54cd<br>\u4e00\u822c\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5 <code>d <\/code>\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u540d\u5b57 (\u670d\u52a1)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4<\/td><td><br>\u7ec4\u957f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b<br><br>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4ID\uff1a\u7ec4\u957f\u7684ID<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4f1a\u8bdd\u671f (\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u7684\u96c6\u5408)<\/td><td>\u521b\u5efa\u4f1a\u8bdd:<br>* \u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u957f<br>* \u521b\u5efa\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u7684\u7ec4\u957f<br>* \u90e8\u5206Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u9700\u8981root<br>* \u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u7684\u65b0\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4f1a\u4e22\u5f03\u539f\u6709\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef<br>* \u4e00\u822c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1afork() \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b,\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b7b,\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u521b\u5efa\u4f1a\u8bdd\u64cd\u4f5c<br><br>\u521b\u5efa\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff1asetsid()<br><br>\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u5c5e\u4f1a\u8bddID\uff1agetsid()<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u521b\u5efa\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/td><td><strong>1.fork()\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b,\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/strong><br>fork \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\uff0cshell \u5c31\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u5b64\u513f\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521d\u6b65\u8131\u79bb\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<br><strong>2.\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528 setsid() \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002<\/strong><br>\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5168\u76d8\u590d\u5236\u4e86\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u671f\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef\u7b49\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f1a\u8bdd\u671f\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef\u7b49\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u800c setsid \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u51fa\u6765\u3002<br><strong>3.\u518d\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/strong><br>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u65e0\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ec4\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u7533\u8bf7\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528 fork \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u4f1a\u8bdd\u9996\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<br><strong>4.\u66f4\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u5230 \u201c\/\u201d<\/strong><br>\u4f7f\u7528 fork \u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u800c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u66f4\u6539\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5728U\u76d8\u4e0a\u542f\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u62d4\u6389U\u76d8\u540e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\uff09\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u8ba9 \u201c\/\u201d \uff08\u6839\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 chdir \u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u4ea7\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<br><strong>5.\u91cd\u8bbe\u6587\u4ef6\u63a9\u7801\u4e3a 0\u3002<\/strong><br>\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u7528\u4e8e\u5c4f\u853d\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4f1a\u7ed9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u9020\u6210\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u672c\u6765\u60f3\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u63a9\u7801\u5c4f\u853d\u4e86\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a\u521b\u5efa\u542b\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u800c\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u63a9\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0\uff0c\u5219\u8fdb\u7a0b\u60f3\u521b\u5efa\u4ec0\u4e48\u6743\u9650\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6743\u9650\u3002\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 umask \u51fd\u6570\uff09<br><strong>6.\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002<\/strong><br>\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90a3\u91cc\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6240\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u5378\u8f7d\u3002<br>\u5728\uff082\uff09\u6b65\u9aa4\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0e\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ece\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5411\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u51fa\u663e\u793a\u3002\u5219\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u8fd93\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5173\u95ed\u3002\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 close \u51fd\u6570\uff09<br><strong>7.\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong><br>\u521b\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5fc5\u7136\u6709\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u8981\u6765\u5199\u4e86\u3002<br><strong>8.\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/strong><br>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u505c\u6b62\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 kill \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0 kill \u53d1\u51fa\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-3\n * @brief \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u793a\u4f8b - \u6bcf\u9694\u4e24\u79d2\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u5e76\u5199\u5165 \/tmp\/daemon.log\n *\/\n#define _POSIX_SOURCE\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/stat.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;stdbool.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n#include &lt;signal.h>\n#include &lt;time.h>\n#include &lt;string.h>\n#include &lt;fcntl.h>\n\n\/\/ \u7528\u4e8e\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\nbool  g_flag = true;\n\n\/**\n * @brief \u6536\u5230 QUIT \u4fe1\u53f7\u5c31\u4fee\u6539 g_flag \u6807\u5fd7 - \u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\n * @param sig \u4f20\u5165\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u503c\n *\/\nvoid changeFlag(int sig)\n{\n    (void)sig;\n    g_flag = false;\n}\n\n\/**\n * @brief \u521b\u5efa\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\n *\/\nvoid createDaemon(void)\n{\n    \/\/ \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n    pid_t pid = fork();\n    if (pid == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"fork error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n    else if (pid)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u9000\u51fa\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\n        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u4f1a\u8bdd\n    if (setsid() == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"setsid error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u518d\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\n    pid = fork();\n    if (pid == -1)\n    {\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n    else if (pid)\n    {\n        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u4fee\u6539\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\n    chdir(\"\/\");\n\n    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed stdin\u3001stdout\u3001stderr\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; 3; ++i)\n    {\n        close(i);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u63a9\u7801\n    umask(0);\n\n    return;\n}\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    createDaemon();\n\n    struct sigaction act;\n    act.sa_handler = changeFlag;\n    sigemptyset(&amp;act.sa_mask);\n    act.sa_flags = 0;\n    if (sigaction(SIGQUIT, &amp;act, NULL) == -1)\n    {\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    while (g_flag)\n    {\n        int fd = open(\"\/tmp\/daemon.log\", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND, 0664);\n\n        time_t t = time(NULL);\n        char *buf = asctime(localtime(&amp;t));\n        \n        write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));\n        close(fd);\n        \n        sleep(2);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <span style=\"color:#a30028\" class=\"has-inline-color\">watch -n 1 cat \/tmp\/daemon.log<\/span> \u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u6d4b\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"621\" height=\"518\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-214217.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-699 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-214217.png 621w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-214217-300x250.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 621px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 621\/518;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528 ps \u548c grep \u67e5\u627e\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 kill \u53d1\u9001 QUIT \u4fe1\u53f7\u7ed3\u675f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"794\" height=\"247\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-214832.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-700 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-214832.png 794w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-214832-300x93.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-03-214832-768x239.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 794px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 794\/247;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5e93\u51fd\u6570 daemon \u521b\u5efa\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u7684 createDaemon \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5e93\u51fd\u6570 daemon\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-3\n * @brief \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u793a\u4f8b - \u4f7f\u7528 daemon \u51fd\u6570\n *\/\n#define _GNU_SOURCE\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/stat.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;stdbool.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n#include &lt;signal.h>\n#include &lt;time.h>\n#include &lt;string.h>\n#include &lt;fcntl.h>\n\n\/\/ \u7528\u4e8e\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\nbool  g_flag = true;\n\n\/**\n * @brief \u6536\u5230 QUIT \u4fe1\u53f7\u5c31\u4fee\u6539 g_flag \u6807\u5fd7 - \u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\n * @param sig \u4f20\u5165\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u503c\n *\/\nvoid changeFlag(int sig)\n{\n    (void)sig;\n    g_flag = false;\n}\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    if (daemon(0, 0) == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"daemon error\\n\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    struct sigaction act;\n    act.sa_handler = changeFlag;\n    sigemptyset(&amp;act.sa_mask);\n    act.sa_flags = 0;\n    if (sigaction(SIGQUIT, &amp;act, NULL) == -1)\n    {\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    while (g_flag)\n    {\n        int fd = open(\"\/tmp\/daemon.log\", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND, 0664);\n\n        time_t t = time(NULL);\n        char *buf = asctime(localtime(&amp;t));\n        \n        write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));\n        close(fd);\n        \n        sleep(2);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u6709\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u6e90\u7801\u5f00\u5934\u5206\u522b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 _POSIX_SOURCE \u548c _GNU_SOURCE \uff0c\u542b\u4e49\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gnu.org\/software\/libc\/manual\/html_node\/Feature-Test-Macros.html\" rel=\"noopener\">\u67e5\u770b<\/a>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u5199\u672c\u535a\u6587\u65f6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u79bb\u7ebf\u7f51\u9875\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-3a085212-e15c-4803-992b-50f508e75c5f\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Feature-Test-Macros.html.html\">Feature-Test-Macros.html<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Feature-Test-Macros.html.html\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-3a085212-e15c-4803-992b-50f508e75c5f\">\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u6c42\u3002Linux \u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u662f\u4ee5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u901a\u7528\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\uff0c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,607],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-all","category-linux-"],"modified_by":"IYATT-yx","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/644\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}