{"id":579,"date":"2021-04-27T07:47:25","date_gmt":"2021-04-26T23:47:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=579"},"modified":"2024-05-05T14:19:37","modified_gmt":"2024-05-05T06:19:37","slug":"%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=579","title":{"rendered":"\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span 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href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=579\/#Linux_%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84\" >Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=579\/#%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8\" >\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=579\/#Linux_%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0%E7%AC%A6\" >Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=579\/#%E4%B8%8D%E5%B8%A6%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E7%9A%84_IO_%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C\" >\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=579\/#%E5%B8%A6%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E7%9A%84_IO_%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C\" >\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=579\/#%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C\" >\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u64cd\u4f5c<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>\u73a9 Linux \u4e00\u5b9a\u542c\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u201cLinux \u4e0b\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u3002Linux \u4e0b\u5bf9\u4e00\u5207\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5f52\u6839\u5230\u5e95\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Linux_%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84\"><\/span>Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u5229\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u80fd\u957f\u671f\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u60f3\u51fa\u4e86\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u653e\u5728\u5916\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u518d\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u8c03\u5165\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u5728\u5916\u5b58\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b58\u53d6\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b49\u624b\u6bb5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u50a8\u5b58\u5668\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5e76\u5bf9\u5b58\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1b\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6309\u540d\u5b58\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u7531\u4e8e\u8981\u50a8\u5b58\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9e\u65bd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5462\uff1f\u4eba\u4eec\u53c8\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u76ee\u5f55\u6765\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u6307\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0cLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u3002Linux \u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u5c5e\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u533a\u7684\u3001\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6309\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u603b\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f9d\u9760 PCB \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u5177\u4f53\u5230 Linux\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4f9d\u9760 index node \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09Linux \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff08Linux \u4e0b\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002Linux \u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u50a8\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u914d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u542b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u671f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u76ee\u5f55\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u662f\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\uff1a\u201c.\u201d\u3001\u201c..\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09Linux \u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u2014\u2014\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u51e0\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\uff08\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff085\uff09\u5728 Linux \u5b89\u88c5\u65f6\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u800c\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Linux \u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e Windows \u5c06\u786c\u76d8\u770b\u4f5c C\u76d8\u3001 D\u76d8 &#8230;&#8230;\u51e0\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u5206\u533a\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cLinux \u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u9897\u6811\uff0c\u8fd9\u9897\u6811\u7684\u6811\u6839\u53eb\u505a\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528 <span style=\"color:#a30031\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\/<\/span> \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u901a\u8fc7\u6302\u8f7d\u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002Linux \u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u786e\u5b9e\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u7406\u3001\u5c42\u6b21\u9c9c\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1.\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\/bin<\/td><td>\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u4e86\u4f9b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u57fa\u672c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d bin \u662f binary \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5982 cp\u3001mv \u7b49\u90fd\u5728\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/boot<\/td><td>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u662f\u542f\u52a8 Linux \u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u7a0b\u5e8f Grub \u7b49\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/dev<\/td><td>\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4ece\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5404\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/etc<\/td><td>\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/etc\/passwd<\/td><td>\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bcf\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\uff08\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u201c\u52a0\u5bc6\u201d\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4shell\u7b49\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/home<\/td><td>\u50a8\u5b58\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u5747\u5728 \/home \u4e0b\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u547d\u540d\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/lib<\/td><td>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\uff08.so\uff09\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e Windows \u91cc\u7684 .dll \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/lib64<\/td><td>64\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5b58\u653e64\u4f4d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/lost+found<\/td><td>\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f Linux \u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u662f ext3 \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e22\u5931\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u5173\u673a\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u9519\u8bef\u5747\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6587\u4ef6\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u6807\u6ce8\u4e3a\u201c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u5e76\u672a\u5217\u4e8e\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u8fd0\u884c fsck \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9664\u4e86 \u201c\/\u201d \u5206\u533a\u4e0a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u4e0a\u5747\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/media<\/td><td>\u53ef\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u628a U\u76d8 \u7b49\u8bbe\u5907\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0b\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/mnt<\/td><td>\u4e34\u65f6\u7528\u4e8e\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8981\u6302\u8f7d\u5206\u533a\u65f6\u518d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5efa\u7acb\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6302\u8f7d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e86\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/opt<\/td><td>\u591a\u6570\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u6b64\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/proc<\/td><td>\u5b83\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u5185\u6838\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u591a\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/root<\/td><td>\u8fd9\u662f root \u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e0e\u4fdd\u7559\u7ed9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528\u6237\u7684 \/home \u4e0b\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/sbin<\/td><td>\u4f9b\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u591a\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\/tmp<\/td><td>\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5177\u6709 Sticky \u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u624d\u80fd\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u5feb\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u628a \/tmp 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\u3002\u5728\u5355\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff086\uff09\/usr\/share \u3002\u5b58\u653e\u4e0e\u67b6\u6784\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff087\uff09\/usr\/src \u3002\u5b58\u653e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. \/var \u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/var \u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\uff0c\/var \u4f7f\u5f97 \/usr \u88ab\u53ea\u8bfb\u6302\u8f7d\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\/var\/cache \u3002\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09\/var\/lib \u3002\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09\/var\/local \u3002\/usr\/local \u4e2d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09\/var\/lock \u3002\u9501\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff085\uff09\/var\/log \u3002\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff086\uff09\/var\/opt \u3002\/opt \u4e2d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff087\uff09\/var\/run \u3002\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982 PID \u6587\u4ef6\u5e94\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff088\uff09\/var\/spool \u3002\u5b58\u653e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8131\u673a\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff089\uff09\/var\/tmp \u3002\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5916\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff08\u786c\u76d8\u3001U\u76d8\u7b49\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u822c\u53c8\u5206\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u3002Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u53f7\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u3002\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u3002Linux \u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5916\u8bbe\u90fd\u5f53\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd I\/O \u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5b58\u653e\u5728 \/dev \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u7684\u201c\u5a92\u4ecb\u201d\u3002\u67d0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ece\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002Linux \u5bf9\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u7ba1\u9053\u5f53\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\uff08FiFO\uff09\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff085\uff09\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53c8\u79f0\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5171\u4eab\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u5171\u4eab\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u7b26\u53f7<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; \u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d \u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>l \u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c \u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b \u5757\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>p \u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>s \u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7b26\u53f7<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>r \u53ef\u8bfb\uff084\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>w \u53ef\u5199\uff082\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x \u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff081\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u8868\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e944\u30012\u30011\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff1a4+2+0=6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff1a0+0+1=1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u6743\u9650\u7ea7\u522b<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff08u\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff08g\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u5176\u5b83\u7528\u6237\uff08o\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <span style=\"color:#a3001b\" class=\"has-inline-color\">ls -l<\/span> \u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"457\" height=\"119\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-27-191527.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-587 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-27-191527.png 457w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-27-191527-300x78.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 457px) 100vw, 457px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 457px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 457\/119;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u7528\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e2d test \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>drwxr-xr-x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u62c6\u5206 d rwx r-x r-x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f00\u5934 d \u8868\u660e\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a \u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540e\u9762\u4e09\u7ec4\u90fd\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5206\u8d1d\u5bf9\u5e94 u g o \u7684\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u62e5\u6709\u8005\uff08u\uff09\u7684\u6743\u9650\u662f rwx \u5373 \u8bfb \u5199 \u6267\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff08g\uff09\u7684\u6743\u9650\u662f r-x \u5373 \u8bfb \u6267\u884c \uff08\u77ed\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u5bf9\u5e94\u6743\u9650\uff09\uff0co \u7684\u6743\u9650\u548c g \u4e00\u6837\u5c31\u4e0d\u8bf4\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"402\" height=\"1024\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20210116233658170-402x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-591 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20210116233658170-402x1024.png 402w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20210116233658170-118x300.png 118w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20210116233658170.png 560w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 402px) 100vw, 402px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 402px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 402\/1024;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 yx yx \uff08\u7b2c3\u5217\u548c\u7b2c4\u5217\uff09\u5c31\u5206\u522b\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 u \u548c g\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 chown \u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"596\" height=\"506\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20210116233745522.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-590 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20210116233745522.png 596w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20210116233745522-300x255.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 596px) 100vw, 596px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 596px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 596\/506;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u94fe\u63a5\u6570\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u5b57\u8282 B\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c6\u5217\u548c\u7b2c7\u5217\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7b2c8\u5217\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff08\u4ee5\u70b9\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5373\u662f Linux \u4e0b\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cls \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u52a0\u53c2\u6570 -a \u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u5230\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5c31\u76ee\u5f55\u800c\u8a00\uff0c r \u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u5217\u51fa\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cw \u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u751f\u6210\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cx \u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8\"><\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u7279\u6b8a\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728 Glibc \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u6210\u529f\u540e\u8fd4\u56de 0 \u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u975e 0 \u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5219\u8981\u5224\u65ad\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf errno \u7684\u503c\uff0cerrno \u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a -1 \u65f6\u5c31\u8c03\u7528 perror \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u539f\u56e0\uff08perror \u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5224\u65ad errno \u503c\u5339\u914d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff09\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u8bb8\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6bd4\u5176\u5b83\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\u3002\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u5206\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0cLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6743\u6307\u4ee4\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u6a21\u5f0f\u5207\u6362\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5806\u6808\u7684\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540c\u6837\uff0cLinux \u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u5206\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u89c4\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7a7a\u95f4\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u5806\u6808\u7684\u5207\u6362\u4ee5\u53ca\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6309\u7167\u529f\u80fd\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u50a8\u5b58\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u51e0\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Linux_%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0%E7%AC%A6\"><\/span>Linux \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd4\u56de\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5f15\u7528\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4e\u7ea7\u7684\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6253\u5f00\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u3002\u8fd93\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5206\u522b\u662f0\u30011 \u548c 2\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b8f\u4e3a STDIN_FILENO\u3001STDOUT_FILENO \u548c STDERR_FILENO\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8f\uff09\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6539\u5199\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e76\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 I\/O \u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684 write\u3001read\u3001open \u548c close\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff08\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u524d3\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5df2\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4ece3\u5f00\u59cb\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 C \u5e93\u7684 fwrite\u3001fread\u3001fopen \u548c fclose\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 FILE \u6307\u9488\uff08\u4e0e Linux \u5e73\u53f0\u65e0\u5173\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9 Linux \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u8d1f\u7684\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5411\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u8868\u3002\u5f53\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u5c31\u5411\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff1b\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%B8%8D%E5%B8%A6%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E7%9A%84_IO_%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C\"><\/span>\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u52306\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff08create\u3001open\u3001read\u3001write\u3001lseek \u548c close\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u662f\u6307\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u53ea\u8c03\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u662f ISO C \u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u662f POSIX \u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u4e0e\u5173\u95ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#1500a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">int creat(const char *path, mode_t mode);<\/mark>    \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#0c00a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">int open(const char *path, int oflag, \u2026);<\/mark>    \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>oflag\uff08\u524d3\u4e2a\u4e92\u65a5\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0e\u540e\u9762\u7684\u201c\u4e0e\u201d\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>O_RDONLY \u53ea\u8bfb\u3002<\/li><li>O_WRONLY \u53ea\u5199\u3002<\/li><li>O_RDWR \u8bfb\u5199\u3002<\/li><li>O_CREAT \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/li><li>O_EXCL  \u548c O_CREAT \u4e00\u8d77\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u5426\u5219\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4e14\u8981\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li><li>O_NOCTTY \u5982\u679c\u8981\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u8be5\u7ec8\u7aef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/li><li>O_TRUNC \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u53ef\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u6e05\u7a7a\u539f\u6587\u4ef6<\/li><li>O_APPEND \u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u4ece\u5c3e\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\uff08\u8ffd\u52a0\u5e38\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/li><li>O_NONBLOCK \u975e\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u6709\u65e0\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f85\uff08\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u9ed8\u8ba4\u963b\u585e\uff09\u3002<\/li><li>O_SYNC \u4ee5\u540c\u6b65\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li><li>O_NOFOLLOW \u5982\u679c\u6253\u5f00\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u5219\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li><li>O_DIRECTORY \u6253\u5f00\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\u5219\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>mode\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u4e3a <span style=\"color:#a3001b\" class=\"has-inline-color\">mode &amp; (~umask)<\/span> \uff09\uff08\u6211\u4e00\u822c\u8fd8\u662f\u559c\u6b22\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6743\u9650\u503c\uff0c\u66f4\u4e3a\u7701\u4e8b\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u6807\u5fd7<\/td><td>\u6743\u9650\u503c<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IRWXU<\/td><td>00700<\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IRUSR<\/td><td>00400<\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IWUSR<\/td><td>00200<\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5177\u6709\u5199\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IXUSR<\/td><td>00100<\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5177\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IRWXG<\/td><td>00070<\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IRGRP<\/td><td>00040<\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IWGRP<\/td><td>00020<\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u5199\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IXGRP<\/td><td>00010<\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IRWXO<\/td><td>00007<\/td><td>\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IROTH<\/td><td>00004<\/td><td>\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IWOTH<\/td><td>00002<\/td><td>\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u5199\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S_IXOTH<\/td><td>00001<\/td><td>\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5177\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#1500a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">int close(int fildes);<\/mark>    \u7528\u6765\u5173\u95ed open \u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-4-28\n * @brief creat \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/stat.h>\n#include &lt;fcntl.h>\n\n\/**\n * @brief \u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5373\u53ef\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\n * @param fileName \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\n * @return \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de 0; \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de -1\n *\/\nint createFile(char *fileName)\n{\n    if (creat(fileName, 0755) &lt; 0)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6 %s \u5931\u8d25\uff01\\n\", fileName);\n        return -1;\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6 %s \u6210\u529f\uff01\\n\", fileName);\n    }\n    return 0;\n}\n\nint main(int argc, char **argv)\n{\n    if (argc &lt; 2)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u518d\u8bd5\u4e00\u6b21\uff01\\n\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n    \n    for (int i = 1; i &lt; argc; ++i)\n    {\n        if (createFile(argv[i]) == -1)\n        {\n            perror(\"createFile\");\n            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n        }\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"971\" height=\"880\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-013731.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-599 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-013731.png 971w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-013731-300x272.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-013731-768x696.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 971px) 100vw, 971px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 971px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 971\/880;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-4-28\n * @brief open \u548c close \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/stat.h>\n#include &lt;fcntl.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n\nint main(int argc, char **argv)\n{\n    if (argc &lt; 2)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff01\\n\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    int fd = open(argv[1], O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0755);\n    if (fd == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5931\u8d25\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6 %s \u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e3a %d\\n\", argv[1], fd);\n    }\n    close(fd);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"759\" height=\"860\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-074401.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-601 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-074401.png 759w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-074401-265x300.png 265w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 759px) 100vw, 759px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 759px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 759\/860;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>read\u3001write \u548c lseek<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#2200a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">ssize_t read(int fildes, void *buf, size_t nbyte);<\/mark>    \u4ece\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#1500a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">ssize_t write(int fildes, const void *buf, size_t nbyte);<\/mark>    \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#0700a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">off_t lseek(int fildes, off_t offset, int whence);<\/mark>    \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u5176\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5373\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5165\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\u4ee5\u8ffd\u52a0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff08O_APPEND)\uff0c\u5219\u504f\u79fb\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/\/ \u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\nlseek(int files, 0\uff0cSEEK_SET);\n\/\/ \u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\nlseek(int files, 0, SEEEK_END);\n\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e\nlseek(int files, 0, SEEK_CUR);<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-4-28\n * @brief \u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236 - read\u3001write\u5e94\u7528\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;fcntl.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/stat.h>\n#include &lt;errno.h>\n#include &lt;stdbool.h>\n\n\/\/ \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\n#define BUFFER  1024\n\nint main(int argc, char **argv)\n{\n    if (argc != 3)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8981\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff01\\n\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\n    int fromFd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY);\n    if (fromFd == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"open error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\n    int toFd = open(argv[2], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);\n    if (toFd == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"open error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u5b58\u50a8\u5b9e\u9645\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u8005\u5199\u5165\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\n    ssize_t readLenth, writeLenth;\n    \/\/ \u6570\u636e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\n    char buffer[BUFFER];\n    \/\/ \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6307\u9488\n    char *ptr = NULL;\n\n    \/\/ \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\n    \/\/ read \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u5faa\u73af\n    while ((readLenth = read(fromFd, buffer, BUFFER)))\n    {\n        if (readLenth == -1 &amp;&amp; errno != EINTR)\n        {\n            break;\n        }\n        else if (readLenth > 0)\n        {\n            ptr = buffer;\n\n            while ((writeLenth = write(toFd, ptr, (size_t)readLenth)))\n            {\n                if (writeLenth == -1 &amp;&amp; errno == EINTR)\n                {\n                    \/\/ goto\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8df3\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\n                    goto quit;\n                }\n                else if (writeLenth == readLenth)\n                {\n                    break;\n                }\n                else if (writeLenth > 0)\n                {\n                    ptr += writeLenth;\n                    readLenth = writeLenth;\n                }\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\nquit:\n    close(fromFd);\n    close(toFd);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"855\" height=\"865\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-221631.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-611 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-221631.png 855w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-221631-297x300.png 297w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-28-221631-768x777.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 855px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 855\/865;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-4-29\n * @brief \u6587\u4ef6\u586b\u5145 - lseek\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;fcntl.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n\nint main(int argc, char **argv)\n{\n    if (argc != 2)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u8981\u586b\u5145\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff01\\n\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    int fd = open(argv[1], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0600);\n    if (fd == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"open error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u586b\u5145 1024 \u5b57\u8282\n    \/\/ lseek \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3e\u504f\u79fb 1022 \u5b57\u8282\n    lseek(fd, 1022, SEEK_END);\n    \/\/ write \u624d\u80fd\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a '\\0'\uff0c\u8ba1 2 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\n    write(fd, \" \", sizeof(\" \"));\n\n    close(fd);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"445\" height=\"382\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-29-231657.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-640 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-29-231657.png 445w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-29-231657-300x258.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 445px) 100vw, 445px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 445px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 445\/382;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%B8%A6%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E7%9A%84_IO_%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C\"><\/span>\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u8c03\u7528 read \u51fd\u6570\u548c write \u51fd\u6570\u5730\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a I\/O \u6d41\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u5730\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u5e93\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u8ff7\u60d1\u5730\u4e5f\u662f\u5b83\u5730\u7f13\u51b2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">3 \u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f13\u51b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 3 \u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1.\u5168\u7f13\u51b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7b49\u586b\u6ee1\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u540e\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9645 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9a7b\u7559\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u5e93\u5b9e\u65bd\u5168\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u8c03\u7528 malloc \u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672f\u8bed\u201d\u51b2\u6d17\u201c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bf4\u660e I\/O \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u53ef\u7531\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u4f8b\u7a0b\u81ea\u52a8\u51b2\u6d17\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528 fflush \u51fd\u6570\u51b2\u6d17\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u51b2\u6d17\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u2460 \u5728\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u5e93\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u51b2\u6d17\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\uff1b\u2461 \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u51b2\u6d17\u8868\u793a\u4e22\u5f03\u5df2\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.\u884c\u7f13\u51b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u5e93\u6267\u884c I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u6b21\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u884c\u540e\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5f53\u6d41\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u5e93\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\u50a8\u5b58\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6807\u51c6 I\/O \u5e93 fputs \u519915\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5230\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u6d41\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u7528 write \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u7b26\u7acb\u5373\u5199\u81f3\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u9519\u6d41 stderr \u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f7f\u5f97\u51fa\u9519\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c3d\u5feb\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ISO C \u8981\u6c42\u4e0b\u5217\u7f13\u51b2\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u5f53\u4e14\u4ec5\u5f53\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u624d\u662f\u5168\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u9519\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u662f\u5168\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8fd9\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u679c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u6d89\u53ca\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u9519\u65f6\u662f\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u6807\u51c6\u51fa\u9519\u662f\u4e0d\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684<\/li><li>\u82e5\u6d89\u53ca\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u6d41\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u662f\u5168\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u6d41\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u8c03\u7528\u4e0b\u5217\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u6539\u7f13\u51b2\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#1500a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">void setbuf(FILE *stream, char *buf);<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#2f00a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">int setvbuf(FILE *stream, char *buf, int mode, size_t size);<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-4-29\n * @brief I\/O \u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u6f14\u793a\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    int varA = 9;\n    int varB = 10;\n\n    printf(\"fork \u524d\\n\");\n\n    pid_t pid = fork();\n    if (pid &lt; 0)\n    {\n        perror(\"fork error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n    else if (pid == 0)\n    {\n        ++varA;\n        --varB;\n        printf(\"\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\\n\");\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\\n\");\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u7684\n    printf(\"varA = %d\\tvarB = %d\\n\", varA, varB);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"315\" height=\"134\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-29-011205.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-615 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-29-011205.png 315w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-29-011205-300x128.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 315px) 100vw, 315px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 315px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 315\/134;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"323\" height=\"195\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-29-011224.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-616 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-29-011224.png 323w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-29-011224-300x181.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 323px) 100vw, 323px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 323px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 323\/195;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\u65f6\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5168\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u7528 fork \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e\uff0c&#8221;fork \u524d\u201d\u8fd9\u884c\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7f13\u51b2\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u968f\u7740 fork\uff08\u7b80\u8ff0\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u62f7\u8d1d\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8f93\u51fa\u201c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u201d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u201cfork \u524d\u201d\u4e00\u8d77\u51b2\u6d17\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u518d\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u201dfork \u524d\u201c\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u6ca1\u6709\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u5148\u540e\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u770b\u8c01\u5148\u83b7\u5f97CPU\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6bd4\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5148\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5927\u5f88\u591a\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u5e26\u7f13\u51b2\u7684 I\/O \u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       <strong>FILE<\/strong> <strong>*fopen(const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>pathname<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>mode<strong>);<\/strong>\n---- \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>r \u6253\u5f00\u53ea\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728<\/li><li>r+ \u6253\u5f00\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728<\/li><li>w \u6253\u5f00\u53ea\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u4f1a\u6e05\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa<\/li><li>w+ \u6253\u5f00\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u4f1a\u6e05\u7a7a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa<\/li><li>a \u4ee5\u8ffd\u52a0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u53ea\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5728\u539f\u6570\u636e\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li><li>a+ \u4ee5\u8ffd\u52a0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5728\u539f\u6570\u636e\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li><li>b \u914d\u5408\u524d\u9762\u7684 mode \u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728 POSIX \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>fclose(FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>);<\/strong>\n---- \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\n       <strong>FILE<\/strong> <strong>*fdopen(int<\/strong> fd<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>mode<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8f6c\u6307\u9488\n       <strong>size_t<\/strong> <strong>fread(void<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>ptr<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>size_t<\/strong> size<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>size_t<\/strong> nmemb<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\n       <strong>size_t<\/strong> <strong>fwrite(const<\/strong> <strong>void<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>ptr<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>size_t<\/strong> size<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>size_t<\/strong> nmemb<strong>,<\/strong>                      <strong>FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>);<\/strong>\n---- \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\n       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>fseek(FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>long<\/strong> offset<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>int<\/strong> whence<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-11\n * @brief C \u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u5199 demo\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\n    FILE *w = fopen(\"test\", \"w\");\n    if (w == NULL)\n    {\n        perror(\"fopen write\");\n        return 0;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u5199\u5165\n    const char s[] = \"IAYYT-yx\\niyatt.com\";\n    size_t len = fwrite(s, 1, sizeof(s), w);\n    if (ferror(w))\n    {\n        printf(\"fwrite error\\n\");\n        fclose(w);\n        return 0;\n    }\n    fclose(w);\n\n    \/\/ \u6253\u5f00\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6\n    FILE *r = fopen(\"test\", \"r\");\n    if (r == NULL)\n    {\n        perror(\"fopen read\");\n        return 0;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\n    char ss[len];\n    fread(ss, 1, len, r);\n    if (ferror(r))\n    {\n        printf(\"fread error\\n\");\n        fclose(r);\n        return 0;\n    }\n    else\n    {\n        printf(\"%s\\n\", ss);\n    }\n\n    fclose(r);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"184\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-164123.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-816 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-164123.png 600w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-164123-300x92.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/184;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><strong>       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>fgetc(FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>);<\/strong> <\/strong>\n---- \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a <strong>EOF<\/strong> \u65f6\u5373\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3e\u65e0\u6570\u636e\u3002\n       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>getc(FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u4f5c\u7528\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\n       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>getchar(void);<\/strong> \n---- \u4ece\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\n\n       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>fputc(int<\/strong> c<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a <strong>EOF<\/strong> \u5219\u5199\u5165\u5931\u8d25\u3002\n       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>putc(int<\/strong> c<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u4f5c\u7528\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\n       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>putchar(int<\/strong> c<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u663e\u793a\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\n\n       <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*fgets(char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>s<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>int<\/strong> size<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-11\n * @brief C11 \u4e2d\u5df2\u5e9f\u5f03 gets\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 fgets \u5b9e\u73b0 gets \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f25\u8865\u4e86 gets \u65e0\u6cd5\u9650\u5236\u8f93\u5165\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    char s[10];\n\n    fgets(s, 10, stdin);\n\n    printf(\"%s\\n\", s);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"767\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-175306.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-819 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-175306.png 886w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-175306-300x260.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-175306-768x665.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 886px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 886\/767;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>printf(const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>format<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>...);<\/strong>\n\n{1\n%[flags][width].[prec]type\n\nflags:\n- \u5de6\u5bf9\u9f50\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53f3\u5bf9\u9f50\uff09\n+ \u6b63\u6570\u65f6\u5728\u524d\u9762\u4e5f\u5f3a\u884c\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u53f7\uff0c\u4e0d\u7701\u7565\n#    %#o \u663e\u793a\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u4f1a\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u52a0\u4e0a 0\uff1b%#x \u663e\u793a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u4f1a\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u52a0\u4e0a 0x\uff1be\u3001f\u3001g \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u5f3a\u5236\u6253\u5370\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u3002\n\nwidth:\n\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528 * \u53f7\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u540e\u9762printf\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u6700\u5c0f\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u6b64\u5904\u8981\u663e\u793a\u7684printf\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\n\nprec:\n\u6b63\u6574\u6570\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u4f4d\u6570\uff1b\n\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u4e2d\u5c0f\u6570\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\uff1b\n%g \u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\n%s \u4e2d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\n* \u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728printf\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\uff08\u5bf9\u5e94\u6b64\u5904\u8981\u663e\u793a\u7684printf\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\n\ntype:\n%d \/ %i  \u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\n%u \u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\n%o \u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\n%x \/ %X \u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\uff08\u5c0f\u5199\/\u5927\u5199\uff09\n%f \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff0c6\u4f4d\u5c0f\u6570\n%e \/ %E  \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\u663e\u793a\uff0c6\u4f4d\u5c0f\u6570 (\u5c0f\u5199\/\u5927\u5199)\n%g \/ %G \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u9009\u62e9 %f \u6216 %e \u6765\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5c0f\u6570\u672b\u5c3e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 0 \u5f3a\u884c\u586b\u5145\u6ee1 6 \u4f4d (\u5c0f\u5199\/\u5927\u5199\uff09\n%c \u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u5b57\u7b26\n%s \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9047\u5230 NULL \u6216\u8005 \\0\n%p \u4f7f\u7528\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u663e\u793a void *\n1}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>fprintf(FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>format<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>...);<\/strong>\n---- \u4f7f\u7528\u548c printf \u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u4e2d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>sprintf(char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>str<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>format<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>...);<\/strong>\n---- \u4f7f\u7528\u4e5f\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5b58\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>scanf(const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>format<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>...);<\/strong>\n\n{1\n%[*][size][l][h]type\n\n* \u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\nsize \u5141\u8bb8\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\nl \u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ee5 long int \u6216 double \u4fdd\u5b58\nh \u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ee5 short \u4fdd\u5b58\n\ntype\u540c printf\n1}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-11\n * @brief scanf \u5ffd\u7565\u8bfb\u53d6\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    int num1, num2;\n\n    scanf(\"%d %*s %d\", &amp;num1, &amp;num2);\n\n    printf(\"%d %d\\n\", num1, num2);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"556\" height=\"757\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-200716.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-822 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-200716.png 556w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-11-200716-220x300.png 220w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 556px) 100vw, 556px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 556px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 556\/757;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>fscanf(FILE<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>stream<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>format<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>...);<\/strong>\n---- \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u6d41\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u540c scanf\n       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>sscanf(const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>str<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>format<strong>,<\/strong> <strong>...);<\/strong> \n---- \u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u540c<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B6%E5%AE%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C\"><\/span>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u64cd\u4f5c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       int truncate(const char *path, off_t length);\n---- \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684 length \u6bd4\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5219\u586b\u5145\u7a7a\uff0c\u6bd4\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u5c0f\uff0c\u5219\u526a\u5207\u6389\u591a\u4f59\u7684<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-8\n * @brief \u4f7f\u7528 truncate \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\n *\/\n#define _GNU_SOURCE\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/stat.h>\n#include &lt;fcntl.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\n    const char *name = \"test\";\n\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\n    if (creat(name, 0644) == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"creat error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\n    if (truncate(name, 1024) == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"truncate error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"380\" height=\"111\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-000255.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-801 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-000255.png 380w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-000255-300x88.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 380px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 380\/111;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       int chmod(const char *path, mode_t mode);\n---- \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\n       int chown(const char *path, uid_t owner, gid_t group); \n---- \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u548c\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\n       int rename(const char *old, const char *new); \n---- \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\n       int mkdir(const char *path, mode_t mode); \n---- \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\n       <strong>int<\/strong> <strong>remove(const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>pathname<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\n       int access(const char *path, int amode); \n---- \u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u8bfb\u3001\u53ef\u5199\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7b49<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-9\n * @brief \u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u68c0\u6d4b - \u5b58\u5728\u3001\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u548c\u6267\u884c\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n\nint main(int argc, char **argv)\n{\n    if (argc != 2)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u53c2\u6570\u9519\u8bef\\n\");\n        return 0;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u5b58\u5728\n    if (access(argv[1], F_OK) == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"access\");\n        return 0;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u6743\u9650\n    if (access(argv[1], R_OK) == 0)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u53ef\u8bfb | \");\n    }\n    if (access(argv[1], W_OK) == 0)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u53ef\u5199 | \");\n    }\n    if (access(argv[1], X_OK) == 0)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u53ef\u6267\u884c\");\n    }\n    printf(\"\\n\");\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"423\" height=\"241\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-002224.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-802 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-002224.png 423w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-002224-300x171.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 423px) 100vw, 423px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 423px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 423\/241;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       int stat(const char *restrict path, struct stat *restrict buf);\n       int lstat(const char *restrict path, struct stat *restrict buf); \n       int fstat(int fildes, struct stat *buf); \n---- \u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u8be2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528stat\u4e0elstat\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6,\u5f53\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u662f\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6,stat\u4f1a\u7a7f\u900f\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6587\u4ef6,\u800clstat\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be2\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5c5e\u6027.\u800cfstat\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u53c2\u6570\u533a\u522b, stat\u548clstat\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u8be2,\u800cfstat\u662f\u901a\u8fc7open\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">struct stat\n{\n    \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u7f16\u53f7\n    dev_t   st_dev;\n    \/\/ \u8282\u70b9\n    ino_t   st_ino;\n    \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u6743\u9650\n    mode_t  st_mode;\n    \/\/ \u94fe\u5230\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\u6570\u76ee\n    nlink_t st_nlink;\n    \/\/ \u7528\u6237ID\n    uid_t   st_uid;\n    \/\/ \u7ec4ID\n    gid_t   st_gid;\n    \/\/ (\u8bbe\u5907\u7c7b\u578b)\u82e5\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6,\u5219\u4e3a\u5176\u8bbe\u5907\u7f16\u53f7\n    dev_t   st_rdev;\n    \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u5b57\u8282\u6570\n    off_t   st_size;\n    \/\/ \u5757\u5927\u5c0f (\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684I\/O\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f)\n    blksize_t   st_blksize;\n    \/\/ \u5757\u6570\n    blkcnt_t    st_blocks;\n    \/\/ \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u95f4\n    time_t  st_atime;\n    \/\/ \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u5185\u5bb9\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\n    time_t  st_mtime;\n    \/\/ \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u5c5e\u6027\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\n    time_t  st_ctime;\n};<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-9\n * @brief \u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u6d4b - stat\n *\/\n#define _GNU_SOURCE\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/stat.h>\n\nint main(int argc, char **argv)\n{\n    if (argc != 2)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u53c2\u6570\u9519\u8bef\\n\");\n        return 0;\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\n    struct stat st;\n    if (stat(argv[1], &amp;st) == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"stat error\");\n        return 0;\n    }\n    printf(\"%s\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a%ld\\n\", argv[1], st.st_size);\n\n    \/\/ \u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b - \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\n    if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))\n    {\n        printf(\"\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n    }\n    else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))\n    {\n        printf(\"\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n    }\n    else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))\n    {\n        printf(\"\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n    }\n    else if (S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode))\n    {\n        printf(\"\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n    }\n    else if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode))\n    {\n        printf(\"\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n    }\n    else if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode))\n    {\n        printf(\"\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n    }\n    else if (S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode))\n    {\n        printf(\"\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\n    int type = st.st_mode &amp; S_IFMT;\n    switch (type)\n    {\n        case S_IFREG:\n            printf(\"\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n            break;\n        case S_IFDIR:\n            printf(\"\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n            break;\n        case S_IFLNK:\n            printf(\"\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n            break;\n        case S_IFSOCK:\n            printf(\"\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n            break;\n        case S_IFBLK:\n            printf(\"\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n            break;\n        case S_IFCHR:\n            printf(\"\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n            break;\n        case S_IFIFO:\n            printf(\"\u7ba1\u9053\u6587\u4ef6\\n\");\n            break;\n        default:\n            break;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"463\" height=\"270\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-004844.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-804 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-004844.png 463w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-004844-300x175.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 463px) 100vw, 463px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 463px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 463\/270;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       <strong>DIR<\/strong> <strong>*opendir(const<\/strong> <strong>char<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>name<strong>);<\/strong>\n---- \u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u5f55\n       <strong>struct<\/strong> <strong>dirent<\/strong> <strong>*readdir(DIR<\/strong> <strong>*<\/strong>dirp<strong>);<\/strong> \n---- \u8bfb\u76ee\u5f55\n\nstruct dirent\n {\n     \/\/ \u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u8fdb\u5165\u70b9\u7684inode\n     ino_t d_ino;\n     \/\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u5230\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u8fdb\u5165\u70b9\u7684\u4f4d\u79fb\n     ff_t d_off;\n     \/\/ d_name \u7684\u957f\u5ea6,\u4e0d\u5305\u62ecNULL\u5b57\u7b26\n     signed short int d_reclen;\n     \/\/ d_name\u6240\u6307\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\n     unsigned char d_type;\n     \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\n     har d_name[256];\n }\n\nd_type\uff1a\nDT_BLK \u5757\u8bbe\u5907\nDT_CHR \u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\nDT_DIR \u76ee\u5f55\nDT_LNK \u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\nDT_FIFO \u7ba1\u9053\nDT_REG \u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\nDT_SOCK \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\nDT_UNKNOWN \u672a\u77e5<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-9\n * @brief \u8bfb\u76ee\u5f55\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/types.h>\n#include &lt;dirent.h>\n#include &lt;string.h>\n\nint main(int argc, char **argv)\n{\n    if (argc != 2)\n    {\n        printf(\"\u53c2\u6570\u9519\u8bef\\n\");\n        return 0;\n    }\n\n    DIR *od = opendir(argv[1]);\n    if (od == NULL)\n    {\n        perror(\"opendir error\");\n        return 0;\n    }\n\n    struct dirent *rd;\n    while ((rd = readdir(od)) != NULL)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0a\u7ea7\u548c\u81ea\u8eab\u76ee\u5f55\n        if (strcmp(\".\", rd->d_name) == 0 || strcmp(\"..\", rd->d_name) == 0)\n        {\n            continue;\n        }\n\n        \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\n        printf(\"%s\\n\", rd->d_name);\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"485\" height=\"449\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-010258.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-805 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-010258.png 485w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-09-010258-300x278.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 485px) 100vw, 485px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 485px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 485\/449;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       int dup(int fildes);\n       int dup2(int fildes, int fildes2); \n---- \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6307\u5411\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff08\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff09<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>dup \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u548c fildes \u6253\u5f00\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dup2  \u8ba9 fildes2 \u6253\u5f00\u548c fildes1 \u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4f1a\u5173\u95ed fildes2 \u539f\u6765\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-6\n * @brief dup2 \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;sys\/stat.h>\n#include &lt;fcntl.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    \/\/ \u4ee5\u53ea\u5199\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\n    int fd = open(\"test\", O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0644);\n    if (fd == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"open error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u5c06 open \u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26 fd \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26 STDOUT_FILENO \u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\n    dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, fd);\n\n    \/\/ \u5411 fd \u6307\u5411\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n    \/\/ \u56e0\u4e3a fd \u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\n    const char s[] = \"IYATT-yx\\niyatt.com\\n\";\n    write(fd, s, sizeof(s));\n\n    close(fd);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"796\" height=\"673\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-06-001704.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-791 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-06-001704.png 796w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-06-001704-300x254.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-05-06-001704-768x649.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 796px) 100vw, 796px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 796px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 796\/673;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">       int fcntl(int fildes, int cmd, ...);\n---- \u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709 dup \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539 open \u65f6\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684 flag......<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-6\n * @brief \u963b\u585e\u8bfb\u7ec8\u7aef(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u963b\u585e\uff09 - \u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u8f66\u8f93\u5165\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85\u8f93\u5165\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    char buf[1024];\n\n    \/\/ \u4ece\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bfb\u5165\u6570\u636e\n    ssize_t readLen = read(STDIN_FILENO, buf, sizeof(buf));\n    if (readLen == -1)\n    {\n        perror(\"read error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u5411\u7ec8\u7aef\u5199\u6570\u636e\n    write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, (size_t)readLen);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"c\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\/**\n * @author IYATT-yx\n * @date 2021-5-6\n * @brief fcntl \u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4fee\u6539 flag \uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8bfb\u7ec8\u7aef\n *\/\n#include &lt;stdio.h>\n#include &lt;unistd.h>\n#include &lt;stdlib.h>\n#include &lt;fcntl.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n    char buf[1024];\n\n    \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6 STDIN_FILENO \u7684 flag\n    int flag = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL);\n    \/\/ \u8ffd\u52a0\u975e\u963b\u585e\n    flag |= O_NONBLOCK;\n    fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, flag);\n\n    \/\/ \u4ece\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bfb\u5165\u6570\u636e\n    ssize_t readLen = read(STDIN_FILENO, buf, sizeof(buf));\n    if (readLen == -1)\n    {\n        \/\/ \u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u518d\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u7b49\u5f85\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u201d\n        perror(\"read error\");\n        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ \u5411\u7ec8\u7aef\u5199\u6570\u636e\n    write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, (size_t)readLen);\n}<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u73a9 Linux \u4e00\u5b9a\u542c\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u201cLinux \u4e0b\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u3002Linux \u4e0b\u5bf9\u4e00\u5207\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5f52\u6839\u5230\u5e95\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,607],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-all","category-linux-"],"modified_by":"IYATT-yx","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=579"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/579\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=579"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}