{"id":518,"date":"2021-04-25T01:35:49","date_gmt":"2021-04-24T17:35:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=518"},"modified":"2024-05-05T14:19:47","modified_gmt":"2024-05-05T06:19:47","slug":"shell-%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=518","title":{"rendered":"shell \u7f16\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=518\/#%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D\" >\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=518\/#shell_%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80\" >shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=518\/#%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C_shell_%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95\" >\u8fd0\u884c shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=518\/#shell_%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6\" >shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=518\/#%E7%94%A8_trap_%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E6%8D%95%E6%8D%89%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7\" >\u7528 trap \u547d\u4ee4\u6355\u6349\u4fe1\u53f7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=518\/#bash_%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E7%9A%84%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95\" >bash \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=518\/#bash_%E7%9A%84%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4\" >bash \u7684\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D\"><\/span>\u4ecb\u7ecd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>shell \u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002shell \u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u6267\u884c\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5728\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u624d\u5177\u6709\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u5206\u652f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55 Linux \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f init \u5c31\u4e3a\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a shell \uff08\u5916\u58f3\uff09\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002shell \u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411 Linux \u5185\u6838\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7684\u754c\u9762\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 shell \u6765\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u6302\u8d77\u3001\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u6d41\u884c\u7684 shell \u6709 ash\u3001bash\u3001ksh\u3001csh \u548c zsh \u7b49\uff0c\u5e73\u65f6\u6211\u7528\u7684\u90fd\u662f Debian\u7cfbLinux\uff0c\u76ee\u524d Debian\u3001Ubuntu \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ec8\u7aef\u90fd\u662f bash\uff0c\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u7684 Kali Linux \u4ee5\u524d\u4e5f\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4 bash\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u6539\u4e3a zsh \u4e86\uff08\u8bb0\u5f97\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u7528\u7684 Kali Linux 2020.1 \u8fd8\u662f bash\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7528\u7684 2021.1\u5c31\u662f zsh \u4e86\uff09\u3002\uff08\u8865\uff1abash \u670940\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5411\u952e\u67e5\u9605\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u4fee\u6539\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6309Tab\u5339\u914d\u547d\u4ee4\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u6613\u7528\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4 shell\uff1bzsh \u662f Linux \u6700\u5927\u7684 shell \u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5171\u670984\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0czsh \u76f8\u5bf9 bash\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u6700\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5c31\u662f\u591a\u4e86\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u201d\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u4f60\u518d\u6b21\u8f93\u5165\u4e14\u53ea\u8f93\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0czsh\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7ed9\u4f60\u663e\u793a\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u663e\u793a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7b26\u5408\u4f60\u8981\u60f3\u7ee7\u7eed\u8f93\u5165\u7684\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6309\u53f3\u952e\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0a\u819b\u4e86\uff0c\u56de\u8f66\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5982\u679c\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u91cc\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5f00\u5934\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e00\u6837\u6216\u8005\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u7ee7\u7eed\u624b\u52a8\u8f93\u5427\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u4f34\u968f\u989c\u8272\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u5f53\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f93\u5165\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u53d8\u4e3a\u7eff\u8272\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e Kali Linux 2021.1 zsh \u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u8272\u65b9\u6848\u4e0b\u7684\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u51c6\u5907\u64cd\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff09\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u518d\u8865\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bcd\u540e \u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u95f4\u540d\u5b57\u8f93\u9519\u4e86\uff08\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5341\u5206\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u77e5\u9053\u8f93\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">echo $SHELL<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"198\" height=\"120\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-012157.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-519 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 198px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 198\/120;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4fee\u6539\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ec8\u7aef\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u524d\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <span style=\"color:#a30028\" class=\"has-inline-color\">which<\/span> \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u67e5 sh \uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"239\" height=\"127\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-074146.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-522 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 239px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 239\/127;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u7f16\u8f91 <span style=\"color:#a30023\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\/etc\/passwd<\/span> \uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u9700\u8981\u4ee5 root \u6743\u9650\u7f16\u8f91\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u5b58<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"922\" height=\"697\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-074350.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-523 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-074350.png 922w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-074350-300x227.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-074350-768x581.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 922px) 100vw, 922px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 922px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 922\/697;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf root \u7528\u6237\uff0c\u884c\u5c3e\u5c31\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b83\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u90a3\u884c\u662f\u6211\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u884c\u5c3e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b83\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7ec8\u7aef\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6539\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"shell_%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80\"><\/span>shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u67093\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff1a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff08Standard Input\uff0c0\uff09\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff08Standard Output\uff0c1\uff09\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\uff08Standard Eoor\uff0c2\uff09\u3002\u8fd93\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4f7f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u63a5\u53d7\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7531\u6807\u51c6\u7ec8\u7aef\u6765\u663e\u793a\u8f93\u51fa\uff0cLinux \u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7ba1\u9053\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5728 shell \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 \u201c&gt;\u201d\u548c\u201c&lt;&#8220;\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a \u547d\u4ee4 &gt; \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff0c\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u7528 &gt;&gt; \u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7ba1\u9053<\/strong>\uff08pipe\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>pipe \u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef\u8f93\u51fa\u95f4\u505a\u4ee3\u66ff\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u9001\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7b26\u53f7 \u201d | \u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<span style=\"color:#5300a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">ls -l \/ | grep bin<\/span>\uff0c\u5229\u7528 ls \u67e5\u8be2 \/ \u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u4f20\u5165 grep \uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 grep \u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u5e26\u6709 bin \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u7684\uff0c\u518d\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"704\" height=\"215\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-150949.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-528 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-150949.png 704w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-150949-300x92.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 704px) 100vw, 704px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 704px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 704\/215;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u524d\u53f0\u548c\u540e\u53f0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 shell \u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u524d\u53f0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\uff08\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5fc5\u987b\u7b49\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u624d\u53ef\u8f93\u5165\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u52a0\u4e0a <span style=\"color:#a30016\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&amp;<\/span> \uff0c\u5219\u4ee5\u540e\u53f0\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff08\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u6267\u884c\u5176\u5b83\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>shell \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>shell \u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u6709\u5173\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684 shell \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6709:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 HOME \u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u6ce8\u518c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"193\" height=\"68\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-194330.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-531 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 193px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 193\/68;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 PATH \u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u7528\u5192\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u540d\uff0cshell \u5c06\u6309 PATH \u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u6240\u7ed9\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u641c\u7d22\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u79f0\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e Windows \u4e0b\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf PATH\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"737\" height=\"69\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-194416.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-532 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-194416.png 737w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-194416-300x28.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 737px) 100vw, 737px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 737px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 737\/69;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 TERM \u7ec8\u7aef\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"205\" height=\"63\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-194437.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-533 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 205px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 205\/63;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 UID \u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 GID \u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 PWD \u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 PS1 \u4e3b\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u5728\u7279\u6743\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3b\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e3a <span style=\"color:#a3001b\" class=\"has-inline-color\">#<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3b\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e3a <span style=\"color:#a30016\" class=\"has-inline-color\">$<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 PS2 \u5728 shell \u63a5\u53d7\u7528\u6237\u952e\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u884c\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u8f93\u5165 <span style=\"color:#a3002c\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\\<\/span> \u7136\u540e\u56de\u8f66\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f85\u52a9\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u7ee7\u7eed\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u4e3a <span style=\"color:#a3001f\" class=\"has-inline-color\">&gt;<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"992\" height=\"201\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-194600.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-534 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-194600.png 992w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-194600-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-25-194600-768x156.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 992px) 100vw, 992px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 992px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 992\/201;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u524d\u4e0d\u5e94\u52a0\u7b26\u53f7 <span style=\"color:#a3001b\" class=\"has-inline-color\">$<\/span> \uff0c\u5728\u5f15\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\u624d\u52a0\uff1b\u5728\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u53f7\u4e24\u8fb9\u4e0d\u80fd\u7559\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u82e5\u53d8\u91cf\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u90fd\u8981\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u53ea\u8bfb\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>readonly \u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u5f53\u524d shell \u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5f53\u524dshell \u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e2ashell\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff08\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a shell \u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c \u4e00\u4e2a shell \u811a\u672c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5f53\u524d shell \u4f1a\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50 shell \u5e76\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u6267\u884cshell\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50 shell \u4e2d\u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u4e86\u4f60\u5728\u7236 shell \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>export \u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>export \u53d8\u91cf\u540d=\u53d8\u91cf\u503c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5f53\u524d shell \u4f7f\u7528 export \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f60\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u6267\u884c shell \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u7684\u5b50 shell \u4e5f\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8be5 shell \u811a\u672c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u8c03\u7528 shell \u811a\u672c \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6309\u7167\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\uff0cshell \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f9d\u6b21\u53d6\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a <span style=\"color:#a3000d\" class=\"has-inline-color\">$n<\/span>\uff08 $1 , $2, $3 &#8230;&#8230;\uff09\u53e6\u5916 $0 \u4e0d\u662f\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u672c\u8eab\u3002<span style=\"color:#a3001f\" class=\"has-inline-color\">$*<\/span> \u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<span style=\"color:#a3001b\" class=\"has-inline-color\">$@<\/span> \u4e5f\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u533a\u5206\u5bf9\u5f85\uff08for in \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\uff09\u3002<span style=\"color:#a3001b\" class=\"has-inline-color\">$#<\/span> \u4ee3\u8868\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f shell \u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u6839\u636e shell \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u6240\u6709\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u7b26\u53f7 $ \u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684 shell \u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u6709<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$? \u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a 0 \u8868\u793a\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u6b63\u786e\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u975e0 \u503c\u8868\u793a\u8fd0\u884c\u51fa\u9519\u3002C\/C++\u4e2d exit \u9000\u51fa\u503c\u4ee5\u53camain\u51fd\u6570\u7684return\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$$ \u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540d\u5b57\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$! \u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$0 \u5f53\u524d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u53c2\u6570\u7f6e\u6362\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>shell \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53c2\u6570\u7f6e\u6362\u529f\u80fd\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6765\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\u3002\u53c2\u6570\u7f6e\u6362\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u67094\u79cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u53d8\u91cf=${\u53c2\u6570-word} \u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\u7f6e\u6362\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7528 word \u7f6e\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u53d8\u91cf=${\u53c2\u6570=word} \u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\u7f6e\u6362\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u628a\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a word\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528 word \u66ff\u6362\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u8d4b\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u53d8\u91cf=${\u53c2\u6570?word} \u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\u7f6e\u6362\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u663e\u793a word \u5e76\u4ece shell \u79cd\u9000\u51fa\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u7701\u7565\u4e86 word\uff0c\u5219\u663e\u793a\u6807\u51c6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u51fa\u9519\u6307\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09\u53d8\u91cf=${\u53c2\u6570+word} \u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u7528 word \u7f6e\u6362\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u7f6e\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C_shell_%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95\"><\/span>\u8fd0\u884c shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6765\u7f16\u5199 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u89e3\u91ca\u6267\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002\u6309\u7167 shell \u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5 bash \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a \u201d#!\/bin\/bash\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d # \u8868\u793a\u8be5\u884c\u662f\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7 \u201c!\u201d \u544a\u8bc9 shell \u8fd0\u884c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5373\u7528 \/bin\/bash \u53bb\u6267\u884c shell \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">bash shell\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7528\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d4b\u4e88\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u90fd\u662f \u201crw-r&#8211;r&#8211;&#8220;,\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5219\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528chmod\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u589e\u52a0\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff08x)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">chmod a+x \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06 shell\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6 \u5f53\u4f5c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">.\/\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"shell_%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6\"><\/span>shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\uff0cshell \u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6761\u4ef6\u5206\u652f\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5efa\u7acb\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0cshell \u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u503c\u5f97\u4e0d\u662f\u5e03\u5c14\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>test \u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>test \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u503c\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u6587\u4ef63\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5176\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b26\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u6570\u503c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-eq \u7b49\u4e8e\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-ne \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-gt \u5927\u4e8e\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-ge \u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-lt \u5c0f\u4e8e\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-le \u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff08\u5982\u679c\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u4e0d\u7528\u523b\u610f\u53bb\u8bb0\uff1aequal \u7b49\u4e8e\uff1bnot equal \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\uff1bgreater \u5927\u4e8e&#8230;&#8230;..\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>=\u6216== \u7b49\u4e8e\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>!= \u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-z \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-n \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u6587\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-e \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-r \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u53ef\u8bfb\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-w \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u53ef\u5199\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-x \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-s \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-d \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e14\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-f \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-c \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-b \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u4e3a\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u5219\u4e3a\u771f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux \u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 \u4e0e\uff08-a\uff09\u3001\u6216\uff08-o\uff09\u3001\u975e\uff08!\uff093\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6761\u4ef6\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u91ca<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5355\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\u4f7f\u7528 <span style=\"color:#a30028\" class=\"has-inline-color\">#<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u591a\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">:&lt;&lt;\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u5fd7\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\n\n\u201c\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u5fd7\u201d \u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u591a\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5c31\u884c\n\n\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u5fd7<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">:&lt;&lt;end\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\nend<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>if \u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">if \u6761\u4ef6\u547d\u4ee4\u4e32\nthen\n    \u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\nelif \u6761\u4ef6\u547d\u4ee4\u4e32\nthen\n    \u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\nelse\n    \u524d\u9762\u6761\u4ef6\u90fd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\nfi<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#!\/bin\/bash\n\nif test 1 -eq 1\nthen\n    echo \"test\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b 1\"\nfi\n\n# \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7\u8868\u793a test \uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u9700\u8981\u5de6\u62ec\u53f7\u540e\u548c\u53f3\u62ec\u53f7\u524d\u7559\u7a7a\u683c\nif [ 1 -eq 1 ]\nthen\n    echo \"test\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b 2\"\nfi<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"503\" height=\"735\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-010323.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-536 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-010323.png 503w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-010323-205x300.png 205w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 503px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 503\/735;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#!\/bin\/bash\n:&lt;&lt;end\n\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\n    1       \u8f93\u51faA\n    2       \u8f93\u51faB\n    \u5176\u5b83    \u63d0\u793a\u9519\u8bef\nend\n\n# \u53c2\u6570\u53ea\u80fd\u4e3a1\u4e2a\nif [ $# -ne 1 ]\nthen\n    echo \"\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u67091\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\"\n    exit 1\nfi\n\n# \u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u53c2\u6570\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u8f93\u51fa\nif [ $1 == 1 ]\nthen\n    echo \"A\"\nelif [ $1 == 2 ]\nthen\n    echo \"B\"\nelse\n    echo \"\u53c2\u6570\u9519\u8bef\uff01\"\nfi\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"721\" height=\"778\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-011136.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-537 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-011136.png 721w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-011136-278x300.png 278w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 721px) 100vw, 721px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 721px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 721\/778;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>for \u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">for \u53d8\u91cf\u540d [in \u6570\u503c\u5217\u8868]\ndo\n    \u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\ndone<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f1a\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u4f9d\u6b21\u5c06\u6570\u503c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u8d4b\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7701\u7565\u4e86 in \u548c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u4f9d\u6b21\u83b7\u5f97\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff08\u5373\u53c2\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u4f4d\u4e8e do \u548c done \u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#!\/bin\/bash\n\necho \"\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5faa\u73af:\"\nLIST=\"\u4f60 \u597d \uff0c \u4e2d \u56fd\"\nfor VAR in $LIST\ndo\n    echo $VAR\ndone\n\necho -e \"\\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5faa\u73af:\"\nfor VAR\ndo\n    echo $VAR\ndone<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"767\" height=\"548\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-135608.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-545 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-135608.png 767w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-135608-300x214.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 100vw, 767px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 767px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 767\/548;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>while\u3001until \u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">while \u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u5faa\u73af\ndo\n    \u8981\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\ndone\n\nuntil \u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u5047\u5faa\u73af\ndo\n    \u8981\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\ndone<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#!\/bin\/bash\n\nVALUE=0\nwhile [ $VALUE -lt 3 ]\ndo\n    echo $VALUE\n    ((VALUE++))\ndone\n\nVALUE=0\nuntil [ $VALUE -ge 3 ]\ndo\n    echo $VALUE\n    ((VALUE++))\ndone<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"552\" height=\"365\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-142343.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-547 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-142343.png 552w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-142343-300x198.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 552px) 100vw, 552px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 552px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 552\/365;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>case \u6761\u4ef6\u9009\u62e9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>case \u6761\u4ef6\u9009\u62e9\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6839\u636e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u9879\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">case string in\n\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f1\uff09\n    \u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5\n    ;;\n\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f2\uff09\n    \u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5\n    ;;\n......\n*)\n    \u6267\u884c\u8bed\u53e5\n    ;;\nesac<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>shell \u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97 string \u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e0e\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f1\u30012&#8230;&#8230;\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5219\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u5bf9\u5206\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 case \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 shell \u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff08\u201c*\u201d\u3001\u201c?\u201d\u3001\u201c[]\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u201c*\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a case \u547d\u4ee4\u6700\u540e\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u524d\u9762\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u76f8\u5e94\u5339\u914d\u9879\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e C\/C++ \u4e2d switch \u7684 default\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#!\/bin\/bash\n\n# \u68c0\u67e5\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\nif [ $# -ne 1 ]\nthen\n    echo \"\u6709\u4e14\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u51651\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\"\n    exit 1\nfi\n\n# \u68c0\u67e5\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5426\u5408\u4e4e\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\nif [ ${#1} -ne 1 ]\nthen\n    echo \"\u53c2\u6570\u53ea\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\"\n    exit 1\nfi\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528 case \u6761\u4ef6\u9009\u62e9\u5224\u65ad\ncase $1 in\n[A-Z])\n    echo \"\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\"\n    ;;\n[a-z])\n    echo \"\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\"\n    ;;\n[0-9])\n    echo \"\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\"\n    ;;\n*)\n    echo \"\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u662f\u672a\u77e5\u7b26\u53f7\"\n    ;;\nesac\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"733\" height=\"643\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-160558.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-549 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-160558.png 733w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-160558-300x263.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 733px) 100vw, 733px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 733px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 733\/643;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u53e5 break \u548c continue<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>break \u7528\u4e8e\u7acb\u5373\u4e2d\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c continue \u7528\u4e8e\u8df3\u8fc7\u672c\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u4ec5\u53ef\u5728 do \u548c done \u4e4b\u95f4\u624d\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 shell \u4e2d\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\u51fd\u6570\u540d()\n{\n    \u8bed\u53e5\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd function \uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u95f4\u9694\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">\u51fd\u6570\u540d \u53c2\u65701 \u53c2\u65702 ...<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u7528\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u88ab\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570 $1\u3001$2\u3001$3&#8230;&#8230;\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 return \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5b8c\u51fd\u6570\u540e\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e0a\u83b7\u53d6 $? (\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5199 return\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f return $?\uff0c\u5373\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#!\/bin\/bash\n\ntestFunction()\n{\n    echo $1\n\n    return 0\n}\n\ntestFunction \u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\necho \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\uff1a $?<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"458\" height=\"737\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-165139.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-556 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-165139.png 458w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-165139-186x300.png 186w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 458px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 458\/737;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u547d\u4ee4\u5206\u7ec4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 shell \u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u547d\u4ee4\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u201c\uff08\uff09\u201d\u548c\u201c{ }\u201d\uff0c\u5f53 shell \u6267\u884c\uff08\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u5c06\u518d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u201c\uff08\uff09\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5728\u6267\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u4e0d\u60f3\u8ba9\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5bf9\u72b6\u6001\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u5982\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u653e\u5728\u201c\uff08\uff09\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u53ea\u5bf9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u201c{ }\u201d\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u7528\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff08\u7ba1\u9053\u65b9\u5f0f\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\uff08\uff09\u201d\u548c\u201c{ }\u201d\u65f6\uff08\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u8f6c\u4e49\u7b26\u201c\\&#8221;\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8ba9 shell \u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%94%A8_trap_%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E6%8D%95%E6%8D%89%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7\"><\/span>\u7528 trap \u547d\u4ee4\u6355\u6349\u4fe1\u53f7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>trap \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u5728 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6355\u6349\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u6355\u6349\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u67093\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>trap \u547d\u4ee4\u5728 shell \u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e0e signal-list \u6e05\u5355\u4e2d\u6570\u503c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u65f6\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">trap 'commands' signal-list\ntrap \"commands\" signal-list<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728 trap \u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u548c\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u5f53 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u78b0\u5230 trap \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06 commands \u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u626b\u63cf\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u82e5 commands \u662f\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 shell \u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9 commands \u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u5426\u5219 commands \u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u7528\u4f5c\u5f53\u65f6\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u503c\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4 <span style=\"color:#a3001b\" class=\"has-inline-color\">kill -l<\/span> \u67e5\u770b\u4fe1\u53f7\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff0c\u524d 31 \u4e2a\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e3a\u53ef\u9760\u4fe1\u53f7\uff08\u4e0d\u8fc7 Kali \u4e2d\u53ea\u6709 31 \u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\uff09\u3002\u540e\u9762 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/linux%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91\/2021\/05\/04\/%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e9%97%b4%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1\/\" rel=\"noopener\">\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/a> \u4fe1\u53f7 \u90e8\u5206\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u8be6\u8c08\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kali Linux 2021.1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"80\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-215209-1024x80.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-559 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-215209-1024x80.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-215209-300x24.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-215209-768x60.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-215209.png 1160w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/80;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ubuntu 20.04<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"727\" height=\"261\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-215222.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-560 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-215222.png 727w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-215222-300x108.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 727px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 727\/261;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4fe1\u53f7\u89e3\u91ca\u8868\uff08\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/qq_43038236\/article\/details\/108228488\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"523\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203030562-1024x523.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-562 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203030562-1024x523.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203030562-300x153.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203030562-768x393.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203030562-1536x785.png 1536w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203030562-1568x801.png 1568w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203030562.png 1661w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/523;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"525\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203051459-1024x525.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-561 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203051459-1024x525.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203051459-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203051459-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203051459-1536x788.png 1536w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203051459-1568x804.png 1568w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203051459.png 1663w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/525;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"152\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203102819-1024x152.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-563 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203102819-1024x152.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203102819-300x44.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203102819-768x114.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203102819-1536x228.png 1536w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203102819-1568x232.png 1568w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/20200825203102819.png 1666w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/152;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a9\u53f7\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u53ef\u6355\u83b7\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u6355\u83b7\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u6740\u6b7b\u3002\u540e\u9762\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 \u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6062\u590d\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684 trap \u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">trap signal-list<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00b7 \u5ffd\u7565\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">trap \"\" signal-list<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u4e0b\u9762\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5faa\u73af\u8f93\u51fa var \u7684\u503c\uff08\u4fdd\u6301\u81ea\u589e\u81ea\u589e\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u5229\u7528 trap \u6355\u83b7 <span style=\"color:#a30023\" class=\"has-inline-color\">3\u53f7\u4fe1\u53f7\uff08QUIT\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6309 <span style=\"color:#a30023\" class=\"has-inline-color\">Ctrl + \\<\/span> \u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u9001 QUIT \u4fe1\u53f7\uff0ctrap\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u540e\u6267\u884c <span style=\"color:#a3003a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">echo \u505c\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f; sleep 3; exit 0<\/span> \uff08\u5411\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u51fa \u201d\u505c\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f11\u77203\u79d2\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u9000\u51fa\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"shell\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">#!\/bin\/bash\n\nvar=0\nwhile true\ndo\n    echo $var\n    ((var++))\n    sleep 1\n    trap \"echo \u505c\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f; sleep 3; exit 0\" QUIT\ndone<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"802\" height=\"492\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-221754.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-564 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-221754.png 802w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-221754-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe-2021-04-26-221754-768x471.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 802px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 802\/492;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"bash_%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E7%9A%84%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95\"><\/span>bash \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u96be\u514d\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8c03\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bd4\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u8981\u591a\uff0cshell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u540c\u6837\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5229\u7528 bash \u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u9009\u9879\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-e \u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53 shell \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u4e0d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u7ecf\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u8be5\u51fa\u9519\u4fe1\u606f\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ecd\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-n \u8bfb\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u5b83\u4eec<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-u \u7f6e\u6362\u65f6\u628a\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u770b\u4f5c\u51fa\u9519<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672a\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u9000\u51fa\u7279\u6027\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002shell \u901a\u5e38\u5141\u8bb8\u672a\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u672a\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u9000\u51fa\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u4e00\u65e6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u672a\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-v \u5f53\u8bfb\u5165shell \u8f93\u5165\u884c\u65f6\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-x \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u628a\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u8bd5 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5229\u7528 shell \u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 -v \u548c -x \u9009\u9879\u6765\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002-v \u9009\u9879\u4f7f shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u628a\u5b83\u8bfb\u5165\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u90fd\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u800c -x \u9009\u9879\u4f7f shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u628a\u5b83\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u884c\u9996\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a + \u52a0\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u540d\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u503c\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528 shell \u5f97 -v \u548c -x \u9009\u9879\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u90e8\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f85\u52a9\u8c03\u8bd5\u5f97\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u5730\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528 echo \u547d\u4ee4\u628a\u5fc5\u8981\u5f97\u4fe1\u606f\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u5f97\u4f5c\u7528\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e C \u4e2d\u7684 printf \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9009\u9879\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u90e8\u7528 <span style=\"color:#a30009\" class=\"has-inline-color\">set -\u9009\u9879<\/span> \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c <span style=\"color:#a30023\" class=\"has-inline-color\">set +\u9009\u9879<\/span> \u5219\u7981\u6b62\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u5305\u56f4\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"bash_%E7%9A%84%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4\"><\/span>bash \u7684\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>bash \u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u662f\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7531 shell \u672c\u8eab\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709 echo\u3001eval\u3001exec\u3001export\u3001readonly\u3001read\u3001shift\u3001wait \u548c \u201d.\u201c\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09echo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">echo arg<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u7531 arg \u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09eval<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">eval args<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u5230 eval \u8bed\u53e5\u65f6\uff0cshell \u8bfb\u5165\u53c2\u6570 args\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09exec<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">exec \u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u5230 exec \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53bb\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8f6c\u800c\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u521d\u7684 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d exec \u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u6267\u884c\u3002\uff08\u6709\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e Linux \u7cfb\u7edf API \u7684 exec \u65cf\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u5199\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 exec \u65cf\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 \u547d\u4ee4\/\u7a0b\u5e8f \u66ff\u6362\u539f\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u540e\u9762\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5355\u72ec\u8c08\u5230\u7684\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09export<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">export \u53d8\u91cf\u540d\n\n\u6216\n\nexport \u53d8\u91cf\u540d=\u53d8\u91cf\u503c<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 export \u547d\u4ee4\u628a\u5b83\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5411\u4e0b\u5e26\u5165\u5b50 shell \uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5b50 shell \u4e0d\u80fd\u7528 export \u547d\u4ee4\u628a\u5b83\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5411\u4e0a\u5e26\u5165\u7236 shell\u3002\u4e0d\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u7684\u7684 export \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u7684 export \u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff085\uff09readonly<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">readonly \u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 shell \u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u8bc6\u4e3a \u53ea\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u7684 readonly \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53ea\u8bfb\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff086\uff09read<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">read \u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u8868<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u8bfb\u5165\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u5b57\uff0c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff087\uff09shift<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>shift \u8bed\u53e5\u6309\u4e0b\u9762\u65b9\u5f0f\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c$2 \u53d8\u4e3a $1\uff0c$3 \u53d8\u4e3a $2 &#8230;&#8230;\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u6b21 shift \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u90fd\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u4f9d\u6b21\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570 $# \u51cf 1\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u51cf\u4e3a 0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff088\uff09wait<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u7b49\u5f85\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\uff0cwait \u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u603b\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff089\uff09exit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9000\u51fa shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728 exit \u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u53ef\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff0810\uff09\u201d.\u201c\uff08\u70b9\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">. shell\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bfb\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 shell \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4f9d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bed\u53e5\uff08\u5373\u4ee3\u66ff source \u547d\u4ee4\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4ecb\u7ecd shell \u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002shell \u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u547d\u4ee4 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,598],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-all","category-linux"],"modified_by":"IYATT-yx","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=518"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/518\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}