{"id":427,"date":"2021-04-22T22:12:48","date_gmt":"2021-04-22T14:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=427"},"modified":"2024-05-05T14:19:47","modified_gmt":"2024-05-05T06:19:47","slug":"%e8%bd%af%e4%bb%b6%e5%8c%85%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=427","title":{"rendered":"\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=427\/#aptitude\" >aptitude<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=427\/#apt-cache\" >apt-cache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=427\/#dpkg\" >dpkg<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/?p=427\/#apt\" >apt<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5de5\u5177\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u5b89\u88c5\u5378\u8f7d\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4ee5root\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5728\u57fa\u4e8eDebian\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u50cf\u6211\u7528\u7684Kali Linux\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u6bd4\u5982Ubuntu\uff0c\u94f6\u6cb3\u9e92\u9e9f\uff08\u57fa\u4e8eUbuntu\uff09\uff0cDeepin\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"aptitude\"><\/span>aptitude<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>aptitude\u662f\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u662f APT \u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u524d\u7aef\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bb0\u4f4f\u54ea\u4e9b\u5305\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u800c\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u88ab\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u9700\u8981\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0capti\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5378\u8f7d\uff0c\u5b83\u5185\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u96be\u4e0a\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"apt-cache\"><\/span>apt-cache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>apt-cache \u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u663e\u793a\u3002\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u5728 APT \u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7f13\u51b2\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3001\u641c\u96c6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>apt-cache pkgnames    \u53ef\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>apt-cache search [\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d]    \u53ef\u67e5\u627e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5e76\u5217\u51fa\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>apt-cache pkgnames [\u5173\u952e\u8bcd]    \u53ef\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 [\u5173\u952e\u8bcd] \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>apt-cache show [\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d]    \u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>apt-cache stats    \u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u603b\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"dpkg\"><\/span>dpkg<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>dpkg \uff08Debian Package\uff09\u662f Debian \u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5f00\u5934\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u8fc7\u57fa\u4e8e Debian \u7684\u884d\u751f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u79fb\u9664\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u5305\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u6216\u8005\u5305\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dpkg -i    \u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5 <span style=\"color:#7f00a3\" class=\"has-inline-color\">.deb<\/span> \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dpkg -r    \u79fb\u9664\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dpkg -l    \u67e5\u770b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\uff08\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d\u5c31\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dpkg -L    \u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"apt\"><\/span>apt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>apt\u547d\u4ee4\u57282014\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5728Debian 8\u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684 apt-get (1998\u5e74\u63a8\u51fa\uff09\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6e05\u9664\u533a\u522b\u5728\u54ea\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6211\u90fd\u7528apt\u3002apt\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u52a8\u4f5c\u90fd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728 <span style=\"color:#9ea300\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\/var\/log\/dpkg.log<\/span> \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/etc\/apt\/sources.list    \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u83b7\u53d6\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#a3003a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">deb(deb-src) \u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740 \u4e3b\u7248\u672c\u53f7 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ed3\u5e93 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ed3\u5e93<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/etc\/apt\/apt.conf    apt\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/etc\/apt\/apt.conf.d    apt\u7684\u96f6\u788e\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/etc\/apt\/preferences    \u7248\u672c\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/var\/cache\/apt\/archives    \u5b58\u653e\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/var\/cache\/apt\/archives\/partial    \u5b58\u653e\u6b63\u5728\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/var\/lib\/apt\/lists    \u5b58\u653e\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\/var\/lib\/apt\/lists\/partial    \u5b58\u653e\u6b63\u5728\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5e38\u7528\u5b50\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>update    \u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7d22\u5f15<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>upgrade    \u5347\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>install    \u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>remove    \u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>autoremove    \u4ec5\u5220\u9664\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>purge    \u5f7b\u5e95\u5220\u9664\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>source    \u4e0b\u8f7d\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>build-dep    \u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u7f16\u8bd1\u67d0\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>dist-upgrade    \u5347\u7ea7\u6574\u4e2a\u53d1\u884c\u7248<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>clean    \u5220\u9664\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>autoclean    \u5220\u9664\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>check    \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5de5\u5177\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u5b89\u88c5\u5378\u8f7d\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4ee5root\u6743\u9650\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5728\u57fa\u4e8eDebian\u7684\u884d\u751f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,598],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-all","category-linux"],"modified_by":"IYATT-yx","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/427","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=427"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/427\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=427"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=427"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.iyatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}